Publication: Semblanzas revolucionarias de la izquierda peruana: Haya de la Torre, José Carlos Mariátegui, Alan García y Sendero Luminoso
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2020
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Universidad de Sevilla
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Abstract
El siguiente trabajo reflexiona y relaciona algunas de las semblanzas más destacadas de la izquierda peruana con respecto de la idea de revolución. Haya de la Torre y José Carlos Mariátegui representan uno de los debates intelectuales más importantes del primer tercio del pasado siglo XX. Al respecto, ideas como nacionalismo o marxismo, y cuestiones como el sujeto revolucionario o la táctica y estrategia a seguir, concentran dos formas diferentes de entender y superar la situación social y política del Perú de 1930. Nada que ver, Alan García instrumentaliza la sombra alargada de Haya de la Torre y del APRA, para buscar obtener un caudal político y un rédito electoral que le permiten ser presidente hasta en dos ocasiones. De otra parte, Sendero Luminoso evoca la senda de Mariátegui para enarbolar la bandera de la revolución violenta si bien, en realidad, sus fundamentos ideológicos son más maoístas y leninistas, con una impronta propia del sentido de la violencia, y muy alejados del constructo teórico de quien fundara el Partido Comunista del Perú.
The following work addresses some of the most outstanding portraits of the Peruvian left with the idea of revolution. Haya de la Torre and José Carlos Mariátegui represent one of the most important intellectual debates of the first third of the last 20th century. In this regard, ideas such as nationalism or Marxism, and issues such as the revolutionary subject or the tactic and strategy to follow, concentrate two different ways of understanding and overcoming the social and political situation of Peru in 1930. In the opposite sense, Alan García instrumentalizes the long shadow of Haya de la Torre and APRA, to seek to obtain a political return and an electoral vote that allows him to be president up to two times. On the other hand, the Shining Path evokes the path of Mariátegui to justify the violent revolution, although its ideological foundations are more Maoist and Leninist. The aforementioned, with its own imprint of the sense of violence, and far removed from the theoretical construct of the founder of the Communist Party of Peru.
The following work addresses some of the most outstanding portraits of the Peruvian left with the idea of revolution. Haya de la Torre and José Carlos Mariátegui represent one of the most important intellectual debates of the first third of the last 20th century. In this regard, ideas such as nationalism or Marxism, and issues such as the revolutionary subject or the tactic and strategy to follow, concentrate two different ways of understanding and overcoming the social and political situation of Peru in 1930. In the opposite sense, Alan García instrumentalizes the long shadow of Haya de la Torre and APRA, to seek to obtain a political return and an electoral vote that allows him to be president up to two times. On the other hand, the Shining Path evokes the path of Mariátegui to justify the violent revolution, although its ideological foundations are more Maoist and Leninist. The aforementioned, with its own imprint of the sense of violence, and far removed from the theoretical construct of the founder of the Communist Party of Peru.