Publication: El uso de símbolos patrios en la campaña electoral de VOX, España 2019
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Publication Date
2021
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Universidad del Zulia
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En este artículo se analiza el uso de símbolos patrios por parte de VOX, el nuevo partido de derecha radical, durante la campaña electoral para las elecciones del 10 de noviembre de 2019. Como marco teórico de referencia, se toma en consideración las reflexiones de antropólogos, como Abner Cohen y María Cátedra, y de politólogos y sociólogos, como Billig y Anderson, quienes han trabajado el concepto de nacionalismo y han profundizado sobre el uso político de símbolos patrios. A través de un análisis de contenido clásico, tanto cuantitativo como cualitativo, se profundiza sobre el uso que ha hecho Abascal, líder de VOX, durante sus mítines, del simbolismo patrio. Además, para entender mejor el uso y la explotación de estos símbolos por parte de VOX, se compara el discurso de Abascal con el de Pablo Casado, líder del Partido Popular (PP), para comprobar si prevalecen las convergencias o las diferencias, respecto al uso del lenguaje y del simbolismo patrio. Se han elegido, como análisis de registro, las palabras España, españoles, patria, nación y bandera. Más allá de los registros cuantitativos, que se han mantenido constantes a lo largo de la campaña, los resultados demuestran que, por una parte, VOX ha utilizado los símbolos patrios en contra de la inmigración, de la izquierda, pero, sobre todo, del independentismo catalán y que, por otra, existen diferencias significativas, más de carácter cualitativo que cuantitativo, entre el discurso del líder de VOX y el del PP.
This article takes into consideration the electoral campaign for the Spanish general elections hold on Sunday 10 November 2019. The analysis focuses on the use of national symbols by VOX, the new radical right-wing party, which in a few months has become the third party on the Spanish political scene. As the theoretical frame of reference, we focus on the terms of anthropologists, such as Abner Cohen and María Cátedra, and of political scientists and sociologists, such as Billig and Anderson, who have worked on the concept of nationalism and have deepened the political use of national symbols. Through a classic analysis of content, both quantitative and qualitative, we delve into the use that Abascal, leader of VOX, has made during his meetings of national symbolism. In addition, to better understand the use and exploitation of these symbols by VOX, we compare Abascal’s speech with that of Pablo Casado, leader of the Popular Party (PP), to check whether convergences or differences prevail, regarding the use of language and national symbolism. We have chosen, as register analysis, the words Spain, Spaniards, homeland, nation, and flag. Beyond the quantitative records, which have remained constant throughout the campaign, the results show, on the one side, that VOX has used patriotic symbols against immigration, against the left parties, but, above all, against Catalan independence movements and, on the other side, there are significant differences, more qualitative than quantitative, between the discourse of the VOX leader and that of the PP.
This article takes into consideration the electoral campaign for the Spanish general elections hold on Sunday 10 November 2019. The analysis focuses on the use of national symbols by VOX, the new radical right-wing party, which in a few months has become the third party on the Spanish political scene. As the theoretical frame of reference, we focus on the terms of anthropologists, such as Abner Cohen and María Cátedra, and of political scientists and sociologists, such as Billig and Anderson, who have worked on the concept of nationalism and have deepened the political use of national symbols. Through a classic analysis of content, both quantitative and qualitative, we delve into the use that Abascal, leader of VOX, has made during his meetings of national symbolism. In addition, to better understand the use and exploitation of these symbols by VOX, we compare Abascal’s speech with that of Pablo Casado, leader of the Popular Party (PP), to check whether convergences or differences prevail, regarding the use of language and national symbolism. We have chosen, as register analysis, the words Spain, Spaniards, homeland, nation, and flag. Beyond the quantitative records, which have remained constant throughout the campaign, the results show, on the one side, that VOX has used patriotic symbols against immigration, against the left parties, but, above all, against Catalan independence movements and, on the other side, there are significant differences, more qualitative than quantitative, between the discourse of the VOX leader and that of the PP.