Publication: Individualización y sexo transaccional: Estrategias de supervivencia de las mujeres sudafricanas en tiempos del VIH/SIDA
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Publication Date
2009
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El 29% de las mujeres negras sudafricanas embarazadas, entre 15 y 49 años de edad, eran portadoras del VIH en 2006. Prácticamente todas las mujeres adquirieron el virus a través de relaciones heterosexuales. En la población general, cerca del 24% de todas las mujeres negras sudafricanas entre 15 y 49 años estaban infectadas por el VIH en 2006. Por tanto, un análisis que tenga en cuenta la construcción histórica de las relaciones de género es fundamental para poder interpretar estas cifras. El comportamiento socio epidemiológico del VIH/SIDA en Sudáfrica está relacionado con el proceso de individualización de las mujeres sudafricanas en condiciones de precariedad laboral en los diferentes escenarios del post apartheid. El apartheid segregó, espacial, económica y sexualmente a la mayoría de las mujeres africanas. Después de las elecciones democráticas en 1994 el proceso de “remo-modernización” creó las condiciones para la diseminación del VIH entre las mujeres jóvenes sudafricanas. En este documento se analizará la compleja dinámica social, económica, cultural y afectiva del sexo transaccional con el fin de poner en evidencia cómo el proceso de individualización de las mujeres sudafricanas las hizo especialmente susceptibles y vulnerables al VIH.
In South Africa, 29% of African pregnant women amongst 15-49 years old were HIV positive in 2006. They acquired the HIV by heterosexual relationships. In general population, in 2006 about 24% of the African women amongst 15-49 years old were infected by HIV or suffered from AIDS. So, it is necessary to analysis the historical construction of gender relations in order to understand theses figures. This socio epidemiological behaviour is related with de individualization process of South African women in labour precarious condition in post-apartheid settings. The apartheid institution segregated spatial, social, economical a sexually the most of the African women. After democratic election in 1994 the “re-modernization” process created the condition for HIV spread amongst young women. In this paper an intricate social, economical, cultural an effective dynamic of transactional sex is analysed in order to show up how the women individualization process has made them specially susceptible and vulnerable to HIV.
In South Africa, 29% of African pregnant women amongst 15-49 years old were HIV positive in 2006. They acquired the HIV by heterosexual relationships. In general population, in 2006 about 24% of the African women amongst 15-49 years old were infected by HIV or suffered from AIDS. So, it is necessary to analysis the historical construction of gender relations in order to understand theses figures. This socio epidemiological behaviour is related with de individualization process of South African women in labour precarious condition in post-apartheid settings. The apartheid institution segregated spatial, social, economical a sexually the most of the African women. After democratic election in 1994 the “re-modernization” process created the condition for HIV spread amongst young women. In this paper an intricate social, economical, cultural an effective dynamic of transactional sex is analysed in order to show up how the women individualization process has made them specially susceptible and vulnerable to HIV.