Publication: Contención del suicidio en España: evaluación del diseño de las políticas y Planes de Salud Mental de las Comunidades Autónomas
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2022-03
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Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP)
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Abstract
La presente investigación aborda la cuestión por la cual se han ido definiendo las políticas de prevención, intervención y postvención del suicidio en España en la última década, evaluando el actual estado de su desarrollo en la arquitectura del Estado autonómico. Teniendo como marco principal los indicadores de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, este texto evalúa el diseño de estas políticas desde el enfoque deliberativo de análisis de políticas públicas. Este análisis aplicado comprueba, mediante una matriz de evaluación de doce indicadores, el grado de correspondencia actual de dichas medidas de contención, agrupadas en torno a los Planes de Salud Mental de las Comunidades Autónomas. Los resultados de esta evaluación revelan no sólo las diferencias notorias entre regiones, sino relevantes carencias en el diseño formal de las políticas de contención del suicidio en España de acuerdo a estándares internacionales. Estas imprecisiones dejan entrever la falta de precisión en la identificación de referentes nacionales en el diseño de dichas políticas, a pesar de que la crisis del COVID-19 haya impulsado una mejora formal del diseño.
This research addresses the question of how suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention policies have been defined in Spain in the last decade. Therefore, the current state of their development in the architecture of the autonomic State is evaluated. Using the World Health Organisation’s indicators as main framework, this text assesses the design of these policies from the deliberative approach of public policy analysis. Through an evaluation matrix of twelve indicators, this applied analysis checks the current degree of correspondence with these control measures, developed from the Mental Health Plans of the Autonomous Communities. The results of this evaluation reveal not only the notorious differences between regions, but also relevant shortcomings in the formal design of suicide control policies in Spain in accordance to international standards. These inaccuracies also reveal a lack of precision in the identification of national benchmarks in the design of such policies, despite formal improvements in their designs due to the COVID-19 crisis.
This research addresses the question of how suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention policies have been defined in Spain in the last decade. Therefore, the current state of their development in the architecture of the autonomic State is evaluated. Using the World Health Organisation’s indicators as main framework, this text assesses the design of these policies from the deliberative approach of public policy analysis. Through an evaluation matrix of twelve indicators, this applied analysis checks the current degree of correspondence with these control measures, developed from the Mental Health Plans of the Autonomous Communities. The results of this evaluation reveal not only the notorious differences between regions, but also relevant shortcomings in the formal design of suicide control policies in Spain in accordance to international standards. These inaccuracies also reveal a lack of precision in the identification of national benchmarks in the design of such policies, despite formal improvements in their designs due to the COVID-19 crisis.