Publication: Modelización de patrones de distribución espacial de la rata negra en Madrid: estudio de su predicción y los factores de riesgo urbanos.
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2021-09-27
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Abstract
La gestión de plagas en una ciudad inteligente y resiliente consiste en la creación de un modelo capaz de detectar las zonas más vulnerables para la proliferación de plagas. En este trabajo se han recopilado y tratado los registros de rata negra en la ciudad de Madrid para su posterior estudio mediante herramientas SIG. Este análisis está basado en operaciones estadísticas que modelizan los patrones de distribución de los focos de la plaga, a través de la localización de los focos actuales y los factores asociados a ellos. El resultado del trabajo es un conjunto de mapas que muestran las zonas de la ciudad con mayor riesgo de proliferación de ratas, atendiendo a sus características físicas y socioeconómicas. La finalidad del trabajo es demostrar que el análisis espacial es una herramienta fundamental para la resolución de problemas estructurales y en la modelización de sus patrones a través de la anticipación, minimizando los factores de riesgo, optimizando los recursos y evitando problemas de salud pública. El uso de este tipo de estrategias ha cobrado gran importancia en la gobernanza urbana en las últimas décadas dentro de la planificación territorial, situándose como punto estratégico para alcanzar el nivel de inteligencia y resiliencia que exigen los nuevos paradigmas de ciudad.
Pest Control Management can be achieved in a smart and resilient city by creating a tool capable of detecting the most exhibited areas for pest proliferation. In this dissertation, the records of black rats in the city of Madrid have been collected and processed for subsequent analysis using GIS tools. This analysis is based on statistical procedures that represent the distribution patterns of the pest outbreaks through the location of the current spotlights and the key aspects connected to them. As a result of this analysis, we can see a set of maps showing city areas with a higher risk of rat proliferation according to their physical and socio-economic features. The aim of this project is to demonstrate data collection and spatial analysis are relevant tools for solving structural problems and modelling their patterns. It will be possible to anticipate future plagues, minimising risk factors, optimising resources and preventing public health problems with these important tools. The use of this kind of strategies has obtained great importance in urban governance in the last decades within territorial planning, becoming a strategic point to reach the level of intelligence and resilience demanded by the new city paradigms.
Pest Control Management can be achieved in a smart and resilient city by creating a tool capable of detecting the most exhibited areas for pest proliferation. In this dissertation, the records of black rats in the city of Madrid have been collected and processed for subsequent analysis using GIS tools. This analysis is based on statistical procedures that represent the distribution patterns of the pest outbreaks through the location of the current spotlights and the key aspects connected to them. As a result of this analysis, we can see a set of maps showing city areas with a higher risk of rat proliferation according to their physical and socio-economic features. The aim of this project is to demonstrate data collection and spatial analysis are relevant tools for solving structural problems and modelling their patterns. It will be possible to anticipate future plagues, minimising risk factors, optimising resources and preventing public health problems with these important tools. The use of this kind of strategies has obtained great importance in urban governance in the last decades within territorial planning, becoming a strategic point to reach the level of intelligence and resilience demanded by the new city paradigms.