Publication: The Bitter Cry: materiales para una genealogía de la identidad profesional de las pioneras del Trabajo Social en Inglaterra y los Estados Unidos
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2014
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Al revisar el proceso de institucionalización del Trabajo Social en Inglaterra y Estados Unidos, durante el primer tercio del siglo XX, se vuelven problemáticas algunas concepciones estereotipadas y sesgadas de la identidad profesional de los trabajadores sociales que siguen estando operativas. Para dar cuenta de la génesis de la profesión, más que apelar al deus ex machina de los nombres propios, en este artículo tratamos de objetivar en la historia social e intelectual las condiciones que contribuyeron a su formación. La crítica histórica permite de este modo sacar a la luz las aportaciones de un amplio colectivo de mujeres pioneras, como el círculo de Toynbee Hall, quienes sustituyeron el case work por el social work a partir de la nueva ciencia social. Estas mujeres abordaron la cuestión social, crearon nuevas técnicas de observación, y se comprometieron en favor de la reforma social. En los actuales tiempos de incertidumbre, el generoso compromiso social y político de las primeras trabajadoras sociales resulta especialmente ejemplar.
In reviewing the process of institutionalization of social work in England and United States during the first third of the twentieth century, arise some stereotypical and biased issues of professional identity of social workers which are still present today. To account for the genesis of the profession, rather than appeal to the deus ex machina of proper names, in this article we try to objectify, under the frame of the social and intellectual history, the conditions that contributed to its formation. Historical criticism allows bringing light to the contributions of a large group of pioneering women, as the circle of Toynbee Hall, who replaced the case work for the social work from the new social science. These women addressed social issues, created new observation techniques, and pledged in favor of social reform. In today’s uncertain times, the generous social and political commitment of the first social workers turns out to be especially exemplary.
In reviewing the process of institutionalization of social work in England and United States during the first third of the twentieth century, arise some stereotypical and biased issues of professional identity of social workers which are still present today. To account for the genesis of the profession, rather than appeal to the deus ex machina of proper names, in this article we try to objectify, under the frame of the social and intellectual history, the conditions that contributed to its formation. Historical criticism allows bringing light to the contributions of a large group of pioneering women, as the circle of Toynbee Hall, who replaced the case work for the social work from the new social science. These women addressed social issues, created new observation techniques, and pledged in favor of social reform. In today’s uncertain times, the generous social and political commitment of the first social workers turns out to be especially exemplary.