Publication: Aproximación molecular a la inducción de resistencia contra la fusariosis vascular del tomate por Penicillium rubens, Cepa 212 (PO212)
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2022-05-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El control de hongos patógenos de suelo empleando medios químicos resulta ineficiente, implica unos costes elevados y causa daños medioambientales. Una aproximación medioambientalmente sana para la protección de los cultivos se basa en el control biológico (CB) mediada por agentes de biocontrol (ACB). Concretamente, la cepa 212 de Penicillium rubens (PO212) (anteriormente P. oxalicum) es un hongo de la micoflora del suelo que es eficaz frente a diferentes patógenos de suelo tales como Verticillium albo-atrum, V. dahliae, Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) Botrytis cinerea (B.fuckeliana), Phytophtora parasítica y P. infestans en tomate, F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis en melón, F.oxysporum f. sp. niveum en sandía en ensayos en cámara de crecimiento, invernadero y al aire libre. Además, es eficaz frente al quiste dorado de la patata en condiciones de laboratorio, el virus del mosaico del pepino (CMV) y el virus del mosaico del tomate (ToMV) en ensayos en cámara de crecimiento. Incluso es eficaz frente a oidio en plantas de fresa, lo que ha permitido ampliar el potencial de aplicación de PO212 a enfermedades aéreas. El principal modo de acción de PO212 es la inducción de resistencia en el huésped, aunque también ha demostrado ser un hongo promotor del crecimiento vegetal...
Control of soil-borne fungal pathogens using chemical means is inefficient, expensive y and causes environmental damage. An ecologically approach to crop protection, which is able to reduce the damage caused by fungal pathogens and has proven to be effective in many crops, is based on biological control (BC) mediated by biocontrol agents (BCAs). In particular, Penicillium rubens strain 212 (PO212) (formerly P. oxalicum) is a soil mycoflora fungus with good characteristics to be commercially developed as a biofungicide against different horticultural plant diseases. PO212 has been shown to be effective against a broad spectrum of soil pathogens in different crops. Its conidia reduce efficiently the severity of disease caused by Verticillium albo-atrum, V. dahliae, Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL),Botrytis cinerea (B. fuckeliana), Phytophtora parasitica and P. infestans on tomato, F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis on melon, F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum on watermelon in growth chamber, greenhouse and field assays. It is also effective against potato golden cyst (Globodera rostochiensis) in laboratory conditions, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in growth chamber assays and even against powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on strawberry plants, which has expanded the application potential of PO212 to airborne diseases. The main mode of action of PO212 is the induction of resistance in the host, although it has also been shown to be a plant growth promoting fungus...
Control of soil-borne fungal pathogens using chemical means is inefficient, expensive y and causes environmental damage. An ecologically approach to crop protection, which is able to reduce the damage caused by fungal pathogens and has proven to be effective in many crops, is based on biological control (BC) mediated by biocontrol agents (BCAs). In particular, Penicillium rubens strain 212 (PO212) (formerly P. oxalicum) is a soil mycoflora fungus with good characteristics to be commercially developed as a biofungicide against different horticultural plant diseases. PO212 has been shown to be effective against a broad spectrum of soil pathogens in different crops. Its conidia reduce efficiently the severity of disease caused by Verticillium albo-atrum, V. dahliae, Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL),Botrytis cinerea (B. fuckeliana), Phytophtora parasitica and P. infestans on tomato, F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis on melon, F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum on watermelon in growth chamber, greenhouse and field assays. It is also effective against potato golden cyst (Globodera rostochiensis) in laboratory conditions, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in growth chamber assays and even against powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on strawberry plants, which has expanded the application potential of PO212 to airborne diseases. The main mode of action of PO212 is the induction of resistance in the host, although it has also been shown to be a plant growth promoting fungus...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, leída el 08-03-2022