Publication: Sesgos emocionales de interpretación : desarrollo y validación de un programa breve de modificación de sesgos cognitivos con una aproximación clínica (MSC-IClin)
Loading...
Files
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2022-10-13
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
Al enfrentarnos ante información ambigua, los humanos a menudo tratamos de dar significado a la situación. La tendencia de crear interpretaciones negativas en cualquier momento y situación se conoce como sesgo negativo de interpretación. Este proceso cognitivo se ha encontrado consistentemente en trastornos emocionales y se propone como un factor precipitante y de mantenimiento de síntomas de depresión y ansiedad. Dadas las altas tasas de prevalencia y cronicidad de estos trastornos en la población, es necesario encontrar nuevas alternativas de tratamiento que alivien estos síntomas y mejoren la funcionalidad y el bienestar. La presente tesis doctoral tiene tres objetivos principales. Primero, analizar sistemáticamente la presencia de las categorías del sesgo de interpretación propuestas en el modelo cognitivo de Beck, medidas con auto-informes. Segundo, introducir el diseño de un nuevo programa para modificar el sesgo de interpretación negativo, comúnmente encontrado en depresión y ansiedad. Por último, pretende probar la eficacia de este nuevo programa y descubrir sus mecanismos de acción para producir cambios. Método. La tesis está dividida en cuatro estudios. El Estudio 1es una revisión sistemática y meta-análisis en el que se compara, con la diferencia de medias estandarizada como tamaño del efecto, los niveles de sesgo de interpretación en muestras con depresión frente a muestras sanas. El Estudio 2 explica el razonamiento y desarrollo de un ensayo clínico aleatorizado para evaluar un nuevo programa de modificación de sesgos cognitivos (CBM-IClin) para reducir el sesgo de interpretación y otras variables relacionadas. El Estudio 3, tras la aplicación de este protocolo, analiza el cambio en el sesgo de interpretación y en síntomas de depresión, estrés y ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios en comparación con un grupo control en lista de espera. Finalmente, el Estudio 4 incluye modelos de mediación para analizar cómo el cambio en el sesgo de interpretación, tras la intervención, media el cambio en otras variables relacionadas, como los sesgos de atención y memoria, las actitudes disfuncionales, la rumiación y el bienestar...
When faced with ambiguous information, humans often try to give meaning to the situation. The tendency to provide negative interpretations at any time and context has come to be known as negative interpretation bias. This cognitive process is consistently found in emotional disorders and has been proposed as a precipitating and maintaining factor of symptoms of depression and anxiety. Given the high rates of prevalence and chronicity of these disorders in the population, it is necessary to find new treatment alternatives that can alleviate symptoms and increase functionality and well-being. The present dissertation had three main aims. First, it systematically analyzed the presence of Beck’s categories of interpretation bias in depression as measured by self-report questionnaires. Second, it aimed to design a new program to modify negative interpretation biases commonly found in depression and anxiety. Finally, the efficacy of this new program and its mechanisms of action were evaluated. Method. This dissertation is divided in four studies. The first one is a systematic review andmeta-analysis comparing, with the standardized mean difference effect size, the levels of interpretation biases in samples of depressed and healthy individuals. The second study presents the rationale and development of a new cognitive bias modification program (CBM-IClin) to modify interpretation biases and other related variables to be used in a randomized controlled trial. The third study evaluates the change in interpretation bias and symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety in a sample of university students after the application of this new protocol in comparison to a wait-list control group. Finally, the fourth study includes mediation models to analyze how the change in negative interpretation bias, given the intervention, mediates the change in other related variables, such as attention and memory biases, dysfunctional attitudes, rumination, and well-being...
When faced with ambiguous information, humans often try to give meaning to the situation. The tendency to provide negative interpretations at any time and context has come to be known as negative interpretation bias. This cognitive process is consistently found in emotional disorders and has been proposed as a precipitating and maintaining factor of symptoms of depression and anxiety. Given the high rates of prevalence and chronicity of these disorders in the population, it is necessary to find new treatment alternatives that can alleviate symptoms and increase functionality and well-being. The present dissertation had three main aims. First, it systematically analyzed the presence of Beck’s categories of interpretation bias in depression as measured by self-report questionnaires. Second, it aimed to design a new program to modify negative interpretation biases commonly found in depression and anxiety. Finally, the efficacy of this new program and its mechanisms of action were evaluated. Method. This dissertation is divided in four studies. The first one is a systematic review andmeta-analysis comparing, with the standardized mean difference effect size, the levels of interpretation biases in samples of depressed and healthy individuals. The second study presents the rationale and development of a new cognitive bias modification program (CBM-IClin) to modify interpretation biases and other related variables to be used in a randomized controlled trial. The third study evaluates the change in interpretation bias and symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety in a sample of university students after the application of this new protocol in comparison to a wait-list control group. Finally, the fourth study includes mediation models to analyze how the change in negative interpretation bias, given the intervention, mediates the change in other related variables, such as attention and memory biases, dysfunctional attitudes, rumination, and well-being...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 28-06-2022