Publication: Evaluación del riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en varones que practican deportes de equipo : comparación con una muestra de alto riesgo
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2023-01-16
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCAs) están caracterizados por la preocupación obsesiva sobre el peso y/o la forma corporal. Los jugadores de deportes de equipo son sistemáticamente excluidos de las poblaciones consideradas de alto riesgo de TCAs. Esta exención podría ser cuestionada por la evidencia de estudios previos que ponen de manifiesto una gran preocupación por la imagen corporal en estos jugadores, el desconocimiento de la prevalencia real de TCAs en el deporte y el elevado riesgo de infra diagnóstico alertado en hombres. Objetivos. Evaluar el riesgo de TCAs en varones que practican algún deporte de equipo federado: detectar sintomatología compatible, comparar los resultados con una población de alto riesgo y conocer las situaciones que implican una mayor vulnerabilidad. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-analítico con una muestra de 276 deportistas varones: 167 jugadores de deportes de equipo y 109 deportistas de modalidades de estética, resistencia y categorías de peso. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un formulario online que incluyó una hoja de valoración general y cuatro herramientas validadas: Cuestionario de Hábitos Alimentarios del Deportista (CHAD), Test de Actitudes Alimentarias (EAT-40), Inventario de Desórdenes Alimentarios (EDI-2) y Cuestionario sobre la Forma Corporal (BSQ). Todos los sujetos firmaron un consentimiento informado antes de participar en el estudio. El análisis de datos se llevó a cabo mediante el software estadístico IBM SPSS versión 28.0.0. Resultados. El 20,36% de los jugadores de deportes de equipo presentó un cuadro clínico compatible con un diagnóstico de TCA. La Odds ratio no mostró diferencias significativas en la prevalencia de TCAs entre los dos grupos estudiados...
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterised by an exaggerated concern about body weight and shape. Male team sports players are usually excluded from the high-risk eating disorders groups. This exclusion could be challenged based on misinformation about the actual EDs prevalence within these sports, along with previous evidence showing significant body image concern among these players and the under-diagnosis risk in general men populations. Objectives. To determinate the prevalence of EDs in national adult male team sports players: to detect EDs symptoms, to compare the results with a high-risk sample and to assess the situations with greater risk. Methodology. An observational study was conducted with 276 male athletes: 167 male team sports players and 109 athletes of aesthetic, endurance, and weight categories sports. All subjects signed the informed consent before participating in the study. Data was collected via an online form including one sheet of general assessment and four validated questionnaires: the Eating Habits Questionnaire for Athletes (CHAD), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), the Inventory of Eating Disorders (EDI-2) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Data analysis was conducted with the software IBM SPSS 28.0.0. Results. 20.36% of male team sports players presented a clinical profile compatible with an ED diagnosis. Odds ratio test did not show significant differences in EDs prevalence between both studied groups...
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterised by an exaggerated concern about body weight and shape. Male team sports players are usually excluded from the high-risk eating disorders groups. This exclusion could be challenged based on misinformation about the actual EDs prevalence within these sports, along with previous evidence showing significant body image concern among these players and the under-diagnosis risk in general men populations. Objectives. To determinate the prevalence of EDs in national adult male team sports players: to detect EDs symptoms, to compare the results with a high-risk sample and to assess the situations with greater risk. Methodology. An observational study was conducted with 276 male athletes: 167 male team sports players and 109 athletes of aesthetic, endurance, and weight categories sports. All subjects signed the informed consent before participating in the study. Data was collected via an online form including one sheet of general assessment and four validated questionnaires: the Eating Habits Questionnaire for Athletes (CHAD), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), the Inventory of Eating Disorders (EDI-2) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Data analysis was conducted with the software IBM SPSS 28.0.0. Results. 20.36% of male team sports players presented a clinical profile compatible with an ED diagnosis. Odds ratio test did not show significant differences in EDs prevalence between both studied groups...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Departamento de Enfermería, leída el 06-05-2022