Publication: Alteraciones del equilibrio en pacientes hemodializados
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2023-01-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es una enfermedad prevalente que afecta entre el 11% y el 13% de la población mundial (1). La mayoría de los pacientes con ERC están en hemodiálisis (HD). El proceso de diálisis implica una situación de inestabilidad hemodinámica que puede asociarse a episodios de hiper o hipotensión, que empeoran el equilibrio postural y aumenta el riesgo de caídas (2). De hecho las caídas se consideran uno de los principales factores de riesgo independientes de morbimortalidad, pérdida de calidad de vida y reducción de la esperanza de vida en pacientes con ERC (3–5). Estudios previos han observado que los pacientes con ERC tras una sesión de diálisis presentan alteraciones en el control postural (6,7). Estudios recientes encontraron una relación significativa entre la velocidad del movimiento del centro de presiones y una mayor probabilidad de caída en pacientes en HD (8,9), aunque no se han determinado los factores de HD que tienen una influencia más significativa en la inestabilidad y el riesgo de caída. ¿Y cuáles son los factores que pueden inducir a estos pacientes a presentar mayores alteraciones del equilibrio y/o caídas?...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent disease that affects between 11% and 13% of the world population (1). Most CKD patients are on hemodialysis (HD). The dialysis process involves a situation of hemodynamic instability that can be associated with episodes of hyper or hypotension, which worsen postural balance and increases the risk of falls (2). In fact, falls are considered one of the main independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality, loss of quality of life and reduced life expectancy in patients with CKD (3–5). Previous studies have observed that CKD patients after a dialysis session present alterations in postural control (7,8). Recent studies found a significant relationship between the speed of movement of the pressure center and a greater probability of falling in HD patients (9,10), although the HD factors that have a more significant influence on instability and the risk of falling. And what are the factors that can induce these patients to present greater balance disturbances and / or falls?...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent disease that affects between 11% and 13% of the world population (1). Most CKD patients are on hemodialysis (HD). The dialysis process involves a situation of hemodynamic instability that can be associated with episodes of hyper or hypotension, which worsen postural balance and increases the risk of falls (2). In fact, falls are considered one of the main independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality, loss of quality of life and reduced life expectancy in patients with CKD (3–5). Previous studies have observed that CKD patients after a dialysis session present alterations in postural control (7,8). Recent studies found a significant relationship between the speed of movement of the pressure center and a greater probability of falling in HD patients (9,10), although the HD factors that have a more significant influence on instability and the risk of falling. And what are the factors that can induce these patients to present greater balance disturbances and / or falls?...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, leída el 20-04-2022