Publication: Los efectos de la desregulación sobre las relaciones laborales en Europa: de la Gran Recesión a la crisis del Covid-19
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2022
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Instituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales (ICEI)
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El sistema de relaciones laborales se basa en el hecho de la existencia de dos fuerzas con intereses opuestos. Con el objetivo de armonizar estas tensiones, las reglas de coordinación afectan a la demanda agregada suavizando sus fluctuaciones. La coordinación entre los actores económicos en el mercado laboral no es homogénea. La diferencia entre las estructuras institucionales de cada país es un factor decisivo en la coordinación de los actores económicos. La principal hipótesis de este trabajo es que la liberalización laboral del periodo postfordista ha afectado en los tres principales ámbitos de la coordinación de la negociación colectiva (cobertura, dominio y control) de dos formas diferenciadas: atacando al núcleo (desregulación) o a los márgenes (dualización) de las relaciones laborales. Esta hipótesis será contrastada a través del estudio de los marcos institucionales de relaciones laborales de varias economías representativas de Europa como son: Reino Unido, Alemania, Francia, Suecia, España, Italia, Grecia, y Polonia. Finalmente concluimos la existencia de una modificación sustancial del protagonismo, actividad y peso de los actores colectivos en el sistema económico de cada país como consecuencia de la afectación de las distintas formas de liberalización en la coordinación de la negociación colectiva.
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