Publication: La representación política en movimiento. Tensiones y continuidades del concepto desde el Chile constituyente
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2022-09-19
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Abstract
En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre el concepto de representación política de manera desembridada. Para ello, se opta por un cuestionamiento de su noción básica asociada a la democracia liberal representativa, al entender algunos de sus presupuestos como núcleo de algunas de las limitaciones para pensar el fenómeno representativo contemporáneo. En una primera parte, se aproxima desde una perspectiva teórica a algunos de los problemas centrales del debate sobre el concepto, véase: la cuestión de la autorización, la actuación del representante entre las lógicas del mandato y la independencia, la cuestión de la voluntad del representado y la relación representante-representado, la representación como presencia o el rol de la responsiveness. Ello se enriquece con la inclusión de aportes teóricos desde el universo conceptual de Laclau y otras dimensiones desde el posestructuralismo: la lógica dinámica de lo político, de la hegemonía y sus tensiones de inclusión-exclusión o de la relación orden-crisis.
El segundo bloque del trabajo toma el estallido social y el proceso constituyente chileno al estimar que ofrecen puntos significativos y pertinentes para pensar la representación política de nuestro tiempo a través de la operacionalización de los nodos teóricos propuestos. Se emplea un análisis de discurso de tipo estructural o semiótico en material referente a actores relevantes en el periodo: Daniel Stingo, Giovanna Grandón y Elisa Loncon. Lo que ha permitido observar la incidencia de las dimensiones de la presencia y la receptividad. Así como, modelizar el pluralismo interactivo de las dimensiones del concepto y su inserción en las dinámicas orden-crisis.
This paper reflects on the concept of political representation in a non-restrictive way. To this end, it opts for a questioning of its basic notion associated with Liberal representative democracy, understanding some of its assumptions as the core of various limitations of studying the contemporary representative phenomenon. In the first part, the approach is made from a theoretical perspective, focusing on the central problems of the debate on the concept, such as: the question of authorization, the ç representative's performance between the logics of mandate and independence, the issue of the will of the represented and the representative-represented relationship, representation as presence, or the role of responsiveness. This is then enriched with the inclusion of the theoretical contributions of Laclau's conceptual universe and other dimensions from Post-structuralism: the dynamic logic of the political, of hegemony and its inclusion-exclusion tensions or the order-crisis relation. The second part of the work takes on the social outburst and the Chilean constituent process, considering they offer significant and pertinent points in thinking the political representation of our times through the operationalization of the proposed theoretical nodes. A discourse analysis of structural or semiotic type is used in material referring to relevant actors of the period: Daniel Stingo, Giovanna Grandón and Elisa Loncon. This allowed to observe the incidence of the dimensions of presence and receptivity, as well as modeling the interactive pluralism of the dimensions of the concept and its insertion in the order-crisis dynamics.
This paper reflects on the concept of political representation in a non-restrictive way. To this end, it opts for a questioning of its basic notion associated with Liberal representative democracy, understanding some of its assumptions as the core of various limitations of studying the contemporary representative phenomenon. In the first part, the approach is made from a theoretical perspective, focusing on the central problems of the debate on the concept, such as: the question of authorization, the ç representative's performance between the logics of mandate and independence, the issue of the will of the represented and the representative-represented relationship, representation as presence, or the role of responsiveness. This is then enriched with the inclusion of the theoretical contributions of Laclau's conceptual universe and other dimensions from Post-structuralism: the dynamic logic of the political, of hegemony and its inclusion-exclusion tensions or the order-crisis relation. The second part of the work takes on the social outburst and the Chilean constituent process, considering they offer significant and pertinent points in thinking the political representation of our times through the operationalization of the proposed theoretical nodes. A discourse analysis of structural or semiotic type is used in material referring to relevant actors of the period: Daniel Stingo, Giovanna Grandón and Elisa Loncon. This allowed to observe the incidence of the dimensions of presence and receptivity, as well as modeling the interactive pluralism of the dimensions of the concept and its insertion in the order-crisis dynamics.