A Systematic Review (1990–2021) of Wild Animals Infected with Zoonotic Leishmania

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Azami Conesa, Iris and Gómez Muñoz, María Teresa and Martínez Díaz, Rafael Alberto (2021) A Systematic Review (1990–2021) of Wild Animals Infected with Zoonotic Leishmania. Microorganisms, 9 (5). p. 1101. ISSN 2076-2607

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051101




Abstract

Leishmaniasis are neglected diseases caused by several species of Leishmania that affect humans and many domestic and wild animals with a worldwide distribution. The objectives of this review are to identify wild animals naturally infected with zoonotic Leishmania species as well as the organs infected, methods employed for detection and percentage of infection. A literature search starting from 1990 was performed following the PRISMA methodology and 161 reports were included. One hundred and eighty‐nine species from ten orders (i.e., Carnivora, Chiroptera, Cingulata, Didelphimorphia, Diprotodontia, Lagomorpha, Eulipotyphla, Pilosa, Primates and Rodentia) were reported to be infected, and a few animals were classified only at the genus level. An exhaustive list of species; diagnostic techniques, including PCR targets; infected organs; number of animals explored and percentage of positives are presented. L. infantum infection was described in 98 wild species and L. (Viania) spp. in 52 wild animals, while L. mexicana, L. amazonensis, L. major and L. tropica were described in fewer than 32 animals each. During the last decade, intense research revealed new hosts within Chiroptera and Lagomorpha. Carnivores and rodents were the most relevant hosts for L. infantum and L. (Viannia) spp., with some species showing lesions, although in most of the studies clinical signs were not reported.


Item Type:Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:Leishmania; host; reservoir; wildlife; wild mammal; zoonoses; one health
Subjects:Medical sciences > Veterinary > Feral and exotic animals
Medical sciences > Veterinary > Animal health
ID Code:77440
Deposited On:18 Apr 2023 11:03
Last Modified:18 Apr 2023 11:10

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