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De cosas sagradas, tabúes y ortopraxis. El concepto de lulik en Timor-Leste

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2023-05-08
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Programa de Postgrado en Antropología Social, Museo Nacional de la UFRJ
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En este artículo se examinan los usos y significados del concepto de lulik en el Timor-Leste contemporáneo a partir de los análisis que del mismo han realizado autores de la lingüística y, especialmente, la antropología. En lo tocante específicamente a la antropología, tenemos en cuanta las definiciones que se han hecho del concepto a partir de aproximaciones teóricas de raíz durkheimianas y del giro ontológico. A la luz de la revisión de la literatura sobre el asunto, así como de los datos presentados mediante un estudio de caso etnográfico, evaluamos la pertinencia de estas definiciones y proponemos una interpretación alternativa. Frente a los aportes realizados por otros autores, proponemos que lo lulik, para los timorenses, remite a una tipificación del modo correcto en que deben ser conducidas las relaciones en que las personas pueden verse envueltas en el discurrir de su vida social.
The present article examines the uses and meanings of the concept of lulik in contemporary East Timor, based on the analysis of the concept by linguists and, especially, anthropologists. Along the anthropological axis of analysis, we take into account the concept’s definitions based on theoretical approaches rooted in Durkheimian theory and the ontological turn. In the light of a review of the literature regarding the subject, as well as the data gathered through an ethnographic case study, we evaluate the relevance of these definitions and propose an alternative interpretation. Compared to the contributions made by other authors, we propose that the Timorese understand lulik as a typification of the correct way in which relationships that involve people in the course of their social life should be conducted.
Este artigo examina os usos e os significados do conceito de lulik no Timor-Leste contemporâneo a partir das análises feitas por autores da linguística e, em especial, da antropologia. No que diz respeito especificamente à antropologia, levamos em consideração as definições que foram feitas do conceito a partir das abordagens teóricas de raiz durkheimiana e da virada ontológica. À luz da revisão da literatura sobre o assunto, bem como dos dados apresentados por meio de um estudo de caso etnográfico, avaliamos a relevância dessas definições e propomos uma interpretação alternativa. Em face das contribuições de outros autores, propomos que o lulik, para os timorenses, remeta a uma tipificação da forma correta como devem ser conduzidas as relações em que as pessoas podem estar envolvidas no decorrer da sua vida social.
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