Publication: ¿Cómo se hace frente al desclasamiento social educativo español? Tipología de los perfiles sociales y lógicas estratégicas de los titulados treintañeros en tiempos de crisis
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2020
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Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
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Abstract
El presente artículo se propone identificar una tipología de los perfiles sociales afectados por el desclasamiento social educativo y desentrañar sus lógicas estratégicas ante tal fenómeno, en el seno de la cohorte de treintañeros con título superior y en el contexto de crisis económica en España. Para ello se ha optado por una complementariedad entre una aproximación cuantitativa y una aproximación cualitativa. Este diseño mixto es secuencial y está compuesto por dos fases. La primera consiste en realizar un análisis de correspondencias múltiples (ACM) y un análisis de clasificación automática (ACL) de partición jerárquica, a partir de los datos de la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida (ECV) de 2011. La segunda fase reside en realizar entrevistas en profundidad a los titulados afectados por el desclasamiento. Los resultados muestran tres tipos de perfiles sociales, que se distinguen prioritariamente por el nivel de educación de sus padres y despliegan diferentes lógicas estratégicas ante el desclasamiento social educativo: a) reconvertirse para cambiar de campo profesional y con la idea de reenclasarse socialmente; b) resituarse a través del desplazamiento geográfico o de régimen de empleo y con la intención de responder a sus ambiciones profesionales, y c) resistir en sus empleos y/o intentar de acceder a un empleo público, para evitar la pauperización y asegurarse una cierta estabilidad económica.
This article aims to identify a typology of social profiles affected by socio-educational downclassing in Spain and unravel the strategies employed in a cohort of thirty to thirtynine- year-olds faced with this phenomenon in a context of economic crisis. For this purpose, a sequential, mixed quantitative and qualitative approach consisting of two phases has been used. In the first phase, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and automatic classification analysis (ACA) based on hierarchical partitioning are performed using data from the Spanish Living Conditions Survey (ECV) of 2011. In the second phase, in-depth interviews are carried out with individuals from each of the social profiles. The results reveal three types of social profiles, which are distinguished primarily by the educational levels of their parents and which deploy different strategies to deal with socio-educational downclassing: (1) “reconversion” to change the professional field with the idea of upclassing; (2) “relocation” through geographical or employment displacement with the intention of fulfilling their professional ambitions; and (3) “resistance” in their jobs and/or attempting to gain access to public employment to avoid impoverishment and ensure economic stability.
This article aims to identify a typology of social profiles affected by socio-educational downclassing in Spain and unravel the strategies employed in a cohort of thirty to thirtynine- year-olds faced with this phenomenon in a context of economic crisis. For this purpose, a sequential, mixed quantitative and qualitative approach consisting of two phases has been used. In the first phase, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and automatic classification analysis (ACA) based on hierarchical partitioning are performed using data from the Spanish Living Conditions Survey (ECV) of 2011. In the second phase, in-depth interviews are carried out with individuals from each of the social profiles. The results reveal three types of social profiles, which are distinguished primarily by the educational levels of their parents and which deploy different strategies to deal with socio-educational downclassing: (1) “reconversion” to change the professional field with the idea of upclassing; (2) “relocation” through geographical or employment displacement with the intention of fulfilling their professional ambitions; and (3) “resistance” in their jobs and/or attempting to gain access to public employment to avoid impoverishment and ensure economic stability.