Publication: Los intelectuales y la política en España. Francisco Javier Conde (1908-1974). La legitimación de la dictadura
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2016-06-06
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El principal objetivo de esta tesis es el análisis del estrecho vínculo que se establece entre los intelectuales y la política a lo largo de buena parte del siglo XX español a través de estudio de caso que supone la biografía intelectual de Javier Conde, uno de los más destacados ideólogos del franquismo. En el primer bloque, titulado Sobre el concepto de intelectual, hemos expuesto cómo la definición de intelectual ha supuesto un esfuerzo de elaboración e interpretación continuo en las ciencias sociales. Se verá que no hay uniformidad ni linealidad en dicha construcción teórica, puesto que la idea del intelectual se concibe desde un principio como compleja e irreducible a una visión univoca. Según los distintos autores que han intentado definirla, pasamos de una concepción del intelectual puro a otra más flexible, integradora de figuras como la del artista, el pensador, el sabio, el escritor o el filósofo. Las distintas disciplinas sociales se han interesado por el papel político del intelectual, su función cultural y su carácter catalizador en los cambios sociales, en los procesos de legitimación o deslegitimación de los regímenes políticos. Situado en estos términos, Laura Baca Olamendi realiza una tipología normativa del intelectual y destaca, además, la idea de que el intelectual ha de ser analizado como una figura marcadamente política en cuanto que es la expresión inevitable de un sistema de valores. Este principio de expresión en el intelectual queda recogido en los planteamientos de Norberto Bobbio que sintetiza la naturaleza del intelectual formulada en las primeras páginas de este estudio. Mediante el diálogo, la comunicación de su pensamiento, la trasmisión de sus ideas, el hombre de cultura muestra a otros intelectuales y a sus coetáneos la posición adoptada frente a los problemas de su tiempo. Y es a través de ese debate desde donde el intelectual traslada sus planteamientos a la sociedad para influirla. El intelectual debe entenderse como una materialización histórica que interviene en la ideología y en los procesos de legitimidad y deslegitimación de las sociedades contemporáneas...
The main objective of this doctoral thesis is the analysis of the close link that exists between the intellectuals and politics over a large part of the Spanish twentieth century through case study involving intellectual biography of Francisco Javier Conde, one of the most prominent ideologues of franquism. The definition of intellectual has meant a considerable effort for its continuous elaboration and interpretation in Social Sciences. According to the different authors who have tried to define it, we pass from a pure intellectual concept to another more flexible that includes figures like the artist, the thinker, the wise, the writer or the philosopher. The different social disciplines have been interested in the political role of the intellectual, his cultural function and his catalytic nature in social changes, in legitimation processes or in delegitimisation of political systems. The intellectual must be understood as a historical materialisation that affects in the ideology and in the legitimation processes and the critique of contemporary societies Karl Mannheim uses the theory of Zeitgeist or the spirit of an era for analysing the historical contextualization. The first decades of the twentieth century have given a greater and more politiced role of the intellectual. The twentieth century that Michael Winock, has defined as the intellectuals century. The intellectual concept has been adapted in Spain from the term that appears after the affaire Dreyffus and the publishing of the famous article J́acusse written by Emile Zola in France. Some members of the 98TH generation had adapted the concept of fin-de-siècle despair. We agree with the observation of some authors like Santos Juliá or Raymond Carr that talk about the cultural Hispanic distinctiveness. The “dark ages” of Spain have been similar to other countries in Europe such us France or Germany. The intellectual biographic method is applied in the figure of Javier Conde. This method forces us to do a global reconstruction task from his decisions and the impact in history...
The main objective of this doctoral thesis is the analysis of the close link that exists between the intellectuals and politics over a large part of the Spanish twentieth century through case study involving intellectual biography of Francisco Javier Conde, one of the most prominent ideologues of franquism. The definition of intellectual has meant a considerable effort for its continuous elaboration and interpretation in Social Sciences. According to the different authors who have tried to define it, we pass from a pure intellectual concept to another more flexible that includes figures like the artist, the thinker, the wise, the writer or the philosopher. The different social disciplines have been interested in the political role of the intellectual, his cultural function and his catalytic nature in social changes, in legitimation processes or in delegitimisation of political systems. The intellectual must be understood as a historical materialisation that affects in the ideology and in the legitimation processes and the critique of contemporary societies Karl Mannheim uses the theory of Zeitgeist or the spirit of an era for analysing the historical contextualization. The first decades of the twentieth century have given a greater and more politiced role of the intellectual. The twentieth century that Michael Winock, has defined as the intellectuals century. The intellectual concept has been adapted in Spain from the term that appears after the affaire Dreyffus and the publishing of the famous article J́acusse written by Emile Zola in France. Some members of the 98TH generation had adapted the concept of fin-de-siècle despair. We agree with the observation of some authors like Santos Juliá or Raymond Carr that talk about the cultural Hispanic distinctiveness. The “dark ages” of Spain have been similar to other countries in Europe such us France or Germany. The intellectual biographic method is applied in the figure of Javier Conde. This method forces us to do a global reconstruction task from his decisions and the impact in history...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Ciencia Política y de la Administración, leída el 16-12-2015