Publication: El costumbrismo en la narrativa de Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco. La realidad urbana madrileña
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2016-10-24
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El objetivo fundamental que se pretende alcanzar con esta investigación consiste en encontrar, exponer y analizar los rasgos costumbristas en las novelas de Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco, enfocar su visión particular y uso del costumbrismo, y los aspectos que le consagran como un auténtico escritor de Madrid, de su gente y sus costumbres, incluso intentar valorar estos rasgos en función de la problemática de las novelas. Innumerables problemas presenta la cuestión de la investigación y revisión de un escritor que hoy en día se considera menor ya que se analizan los maestros de la novela como Pérez Galdós. Y más todavía si se trata de un escritor cuya obra pertenece al género de literatura popular – la denominación englobadora de Leonardo Romero Tobar1, o “subgénero” narrativo medio olvidado, a menudo considerado como literatura de segunda clase, literatura menor, infraliteratura, paraliteratura o antiliteratura, y dentro de esta, a la novela folletinesca y/o novela por entregas. Hasta el término con que se designa este tipo de novelas fue y sigue siendo hasta cierto punto el término conflictivo y objeto de utilizaciones erróneas. Más adelante intentaremos exponer algunas delimitaciones terminológicas de este fenómeno literario...
The main objective to be achieved with this dissertation is detecting, presenting and analysing the distinctive features of costumbrism in the Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco’s novels. We focus on his particular vision and use of costumbrism and the aspects that established him as an authentic writer by portraying the city, people and customs of Madrid. These features are evaluated in relation with the issues surrounding the question of a novel as a narrative form. Moreover, this dissertation explores the aesthetic category of custom in Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco’s narrative, considering the fact that by representing the Spanish customs, he represents his own world and the relations established in it. This resource is often used as a moral and physical portrait of the nineteenth century society, as well as a claim to original national literature and a way to fight the hostile stereotypical representation of Spain abroad. Our observations are based on the famous trilogy (María o la hija de un jornalero, La marquesa de Bellaflor y o El niño de la inclusa, Palacio de los crímenes o El pueblo y sus opresores) as it reflects the writer’s poetics, his idea of a novel, his intentions and aspirations expressed in a very explicit way. As an illustration of the evolution of these intentions, the research is also based on the Pobres y ricos o La bruja de Madrid, since it provides the evidence of the writer’s new creative phase with the folletin plot as a dominant element. This process finishes with his last novels Los pobres de Madrid y La Justicia divina o El hijo del deshonor. Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco was perhaps the most versatile author of his day; as an entrepreneur who controlled his means of production, he could choose his own projects and content. Over the course of a career that spanned more than 50 years, Ayguals wrote plays, novels, poems, “artículos de costumbres”, essays, historical and biographical articles, short stories, educational works, letters, advertisements, and translations but he was best known for his novels. He was also an innovator in the use, expansion, and proliferation of the serialised novels, and used ad space in his own newspapers in order to promote them...
The main objective to be achieved with this dissertation is detecting, presenting and analysing the distinctive features of costumbrism in the Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco’s novels. We focus on his particular vision and use of costumbrism and the aspects that established him as an authentic writer by portraying the city, people and customs of Madrid. These features are evaluated in relation with the issues surrounding the question of a novel as a narrative form. Moreover, this dissertation explores the aesthetic category of custom in Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco’s narrative, considering the fact that by representing the Spanish customs, he represents his own world and the relations established in it. This resource is often used as a moral and physical portrait of the nineteenth century society, as well as a claim to original national literature and a way to fight the hostile stereotypical representation of Spain abroad. Our observations are based on the famous trilogy (María o la hija de un jornalero, La marquesa de Bellaflor y o El niño de la inclusa, Palacio de los crímenes o El pueblo y sus opresores) as it reflects the writer’s poetics, his idea of a novel, his intentions and aspirations expressed in a very explicit way. As an illustration of the evolution of these intentions, the research is also based on the Pobres y ricos o La bruja de Madrid, since it provides the evidence of the writer’s new creative phase with the folletin plot as a dominant element. This process finishes with his last novels Los pobres de Madrid y La Justicia divina o El hijo del deshonor. Wenceslao Ayguals de Izco was perhaps the most versatile author of his day; as an entrepreneur who controlled his means of production, he could choose his own projects and content. Over the course of a career that spanned more than 50 years, Ayguals wrote plays, novels, poems, “artículos de costumbres”, essays, historical and biographical articles, short stories, educational works, letters, advertisements, and translations but he was best known for his novels. He was also an innovator in the use, expansion, and proliferation of the serialised novels, and used ad space in his own newspapers in order to promote them...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filología, Departamento de Filología Española II, leída el 28/01/2016