Publication: Repercusiones sobre el bienestar y la calidad de la carne del manejo previo sacrificio de la trucha arcoíris
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2017-05-29
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La acuicultura es un sistema de producción animal en continuo crecimiento, llegando a superar a la producción de la pesca en los últimos años. Dentro de la producción acuícola, el cultivo de la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) es el tercero más importante a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, el bienestar animal y la calidad de la carne, íntimamente ligados entre sí, han cobrado una mayor importancia en acuicultura tanto en los productores como en los consumidores, siendo necesaria una investigación mayor en estos temas. El manejo previo a la fase final del ciclo de producción va a incluir una serie de prácticas que generan una respuesta de estrés en los peces y si esta respuesta es suficientemente alta puede llegar a afectar negativamente a su bienestar y, consecuentemente, la calidad de la carne va a ser peor. Dos de las prácticas más comunes en esta fase son el ayuno pre-sacrificio, para asegurar un vaciado completo del aparato digestivo que nos reduzca los posibles problemas de contaminación de la canal durante el eviscerado de los peces, y el despesque, que permite extraer los peces de los tanques o jaulas donde están alojados para su sacrificio y posterior procesado. Tanto el ayuno como el despesque son prácticas que no se pueden evitar pero podemos intentar reducir la respuesta de estrés que generan modificando su duración o utilizando técnicas que permitan a los peces adaptarse mejor a estos estímulos estresantes, como puede ser la modificación de las frecuencias de alimentación en el último mes de engorde para una mejor adaptación al ayuno pre-sacrificio. Así pues, en la presente tesis doctoral se estudiaron las repercusiones del ayuno y despesque previo al sacrificio en la truchas arcoíris tanto sobre el bienestar animal como sobre la calidad de la carne, buscando a la vez la manera de minimizar la respuesta de estrés generada por el ayuno pre-sacrificio mediante distintas frecuencias de alimentación en el último mes de engorde...
Aquaculture is an animal production system that has undergone continuous growth, exceeding fisheries production in recent years. Within aquaculture production, rainbow trout farming (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the third most important worldwide and is highly developed. However, animal welfare and flesh quality, which are closely linked, have become more important to both aquaculture producers and consumers, so it is necessary to focus research on these issues. Pre-slaughter management includes a number of practices that generate a stress response in fish and if this response is high enough, it may affect fish welfare negatively and consequently flesh quality is going to be worse. Two of the most common practices in this phase are pre-slaughter fasting, ensuring a complete emptying of the digestive system while reducing potential flesh contamination problems during evisceration, and harvesting to remove fish from their raceways or cages for slaughter and subsequent processing. Neither fasting nor harvesting can be avoided but we can try to reduce the stress response that they generate by modifying their duration or using techniques that allow fish to better adapt to these stressors, such as changing feeding frequencies in the last month of fattening for a better adjustment to pre-slaughter fasting. So, in this thesis, we studied the impact of pre-slaughter fasting and harvesting both on animal welfare and flesh quality in rainbow trout, considering ways to minimize the stress response generated by pre-slaughter fasting using different feeding frequencies in the last month fattening...
Aquaculture is an animal production system that has undergone continuous growth, exceeding fisheries production in recent years. Within aquaculture production, rainbow trout farming (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the third most important worldwide and is highly developed. However, animal welfare and flesh quality, which are closely linked, have become more important to both aquaculture producers and consumers, so it is necessary to focus research on these issues. Pre-slaughter management includes a number of practices that generate a stress response in fish and if this response is high enough, it may affect fish welfare negatively and consequently flesh quality is going to be worse. Two of the most common practices in this phase are pre-slaughter fasting, ensuring a complete emptying of the digestive system while reducing potential flesh contamination problems during evisceration, and harvesting to remove fish from their raceways or cages for slaughter and subsequent processing. Neither fasting nor harvesting can be avoided but we can try to reduce the stress response that they generate by modifying their duration or using techniques that allow fish to better adapt to these stressors, such as changing feeding frequencies in the last month of fattening for a better adjustment to pre-slaughter fasting. So, in this thesis, we studied the impact of pre-slaughter fasting and harvesting both on animal welfare and flesh quality in rainbow trout, considering ways to minimize the stress response generated by pre-slaughter fasting using different feeding frequencies in the last month fattening...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Producción Animal, leída el 11-11-2016