Publication: Piratería marítima en el Estrecho de Malaca, Somalia y Nigeria. Causas, consecuencias y respuestas. Un fenómeno en perspectiva comparada
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2017-11-24
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Esta investigación va a centrarse en el fenómeno de la piratería marítima en su forma más contemporánea, la que ha surgido de países desestructurados, con problemas económicos y políticos y que en un mundo tan globalizado como el actual supone una amenaza a nivel regional e internacional. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el fin de la investigación es el de comparar el fenómeno de la piratería en las áreas más afectadas del planeta para así poder establecer las causas comunes y, por tanto, las principales características del fenómeno. Para ello, hemos elegido las tres zonas más afectadas: el Estrecho de Malaca, las aguas del Cuerno de África y el Golfo de Guinea. Al ser zonas muy extensas, nos hemos centrado a su vez en aquellos países que se ven directamente más afectados por ser el foco de procedencia de los piratas: Indonesia, Somalia y Nigeria. Por tanto, la importancia de analizar el fenómeno de la piratería marítima responde a una serie de razones. En primer lugar, establecer cuáles son las características generales que se generan en una zona para que la piratería marítima se convierta en una actividad habitual, puesto que en el mundo hay diferentes rutas comerciales pero no en todas ellas se producen ataques piratas. En segundo lugar, comprobar si las acciones de lucha contra la piratería que están obteniendo resultados positivos en algunas regiones pueden extrapolarse a otras con resultados similares. En tercer lugar, el proceso de globalización ha provocado que los actos piratas tengan una repercusión internacional por lo que las grandes potencias occidentales están dando mucha importancia a la lucha contra la piratería, es por eso por lo que también se pretende establecer cuál es el ámbito de actuación de estas potencias y los intereses estratégicos que encierran estas acciones. En cuarto lugar, y debido al incremento de los ataques piratas en las costas nigerianas, resulta interesante investigar las características particulares de este fenómeno, comprobar si se puede confirmar un desplazamiento del problema de la piratería del Cuerno de África al Golfo de Guinea o si las lecciones aprendidas en casos anteriores pueden servir para evitar el desbordamiento del fenómeno...
This research will focus on maritime piracy in its more contemporary form: that which has risen from failing states with economic and political problems and that in today’s globalized world poses a threat at both regional and international level. Taking this into account, the purpose of this research is to compare the phenomenon of piracy in the most affected areas of the world in order to establish its common causes and; therefore, its main characteristics. To do this, the three parts of the planet where more pirate attacks are registered have been chosen: the Straits of Malacca, the Horn of Africa waters and the Gulf of Guinea. As they are very vast areas, the research has focused on those countries most affected as they are considered to be the pirates’ source of origin: Indonesia, Somalia and Nigeria. Therefore, the importance of analyzing the phenomenon of maritime piracy is due to a number of reasons. Firstly, since there are many trade routes in the world but not all of them suffer from pirate attacks, it is necessary to determine those general features from certain areas which may cause maritime piracy to become a common activity. Secondly, the thesis aims at confirming whether those counter-piracy actions which have resulted to be successful in certain regions can be extrapolated to others obtaining similar results. Thirdly, due to globalization pirate acts have an international impact so the great occidental powers are given great prominence to the fight against piracy; therefore, the research also aims at determining the scope of action of these powers and the strategic interest which may be hidden behind their actions. Fourthly, because of the increasing number of pirate attacks off the coast of Nigeria, it is interesting to investigate the particular features of this phenomenon and to check whether we can talk about a displacement of the problem of piracy from the Horn of Africa to the Gulf of Guinea or the lessons learned from former cases may be useful to avoid an outpouring of the phenomenon...
This research will focus on maritime piracy in its more contemporary form: that which has risen from failing states with economic and political problems and that in today’s globalized world poses a threat at both regional and international level. Taking this into account, the purpose of this research is to compare the phenomenon of piracy in the most affected areas of the world in order to establish its common causes and; therefore, its main characteristics. To do this, the three parts of the planet where more pirate attacks are registered have been chosen: the Straits of Malacca, the Horn of Africa waters and the Gulf of Guinea. As they are very vast areas, the research has focused on those countries most affected as they are considered to be the pirates’ source of origin: Indonesia, Somalia and Nigeria. Therefore, the importance of analyzing the phenomenon of maritime piracy is due to a number of reasons. Firstly, since there are many trade routes in the world but not all of them suffer from pirate attacks, it is necessary to determine those general features from certain areas which may cause maritime piracy to become a common activity. Secondly, the thesis aims at confirming whether those counter-piracy actions which have resulted to be successful in certain regions can be extrapolated to others obtaining similar results. Thirdly, due to globalization pirate acts have an international impact so the great occidental powers are given great prominence to the fight against piracy; therefore, the research also aims at determining the scope of action of these powers and the strategic interest which may be hidden behind their actions. Fourthly, because of the increasing number of pirate attacks off the coast of Nigeria, it is interesting to investigate the particular features of this phenomenon and to check whether we can talk about a displacement of the problem of piracy from the Horn of Africa to the Gulf of Guinea or the lessons learned from former cases may be useful to avoid an outpouring of the phenomenon...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales (Estudios Internacionales), leída el 12-07-2017