Análisis de los cambios retinianos a lo largo del tiempo en el modelo murino APPNL-F/NL-F de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer mediante Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica (OCT), Angiografía con OCT (OCTA), técnicas inmunohistoquímicas y electrofisiológicas
Loading...
Download
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication date
2026
Defense date
17/12/2025
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citation
Abstract
la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) constituye la principal causa de demencia a nivel mundial y representa un problema sanitario y socioeconómico de enorme magnitud. Su fisiopatología se caracteriza por la acumulación progresiva de proteínas anómalas, principalmente β-amiloide (Aβ) y tau hiperfosforilada (p-tau), que originan placas seniles y ovillos neurofibrilares en el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Estas alteraciones desencadenan pérdida sináptica y neuronal, disfunción vascular y una respuesta inflamatoria crónica mediada por microglía y astrocitos. Aunque las manifestaciones clínicas suelen aparecer en edades avanzadas, la evidencia neuropatológica y los estudios de neuroimagen confirman que la enfermedad se inicia décadas antes de los primeros síntomas. Por su origen neuroectodérmico y su similitud con el cerebro, la retina compar tetipos celulares, glía residente y microvascularización con el SNC. Numerosos estudios han demostrado que los pacientes con EA presentan adelgazamiento de las capas retinianas, alteraciones microvasculares y cambios funcionales. Gracias a su fácil acceso mediante técnicas ópticas no invasivas, la retina se considera hoy una ventana privilegiada para investigar en vivo procesos neurodegenerativos y vasculares y para la búsqueda de biomarcadores precoces de la enfermedad...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide and represents a major public health and socioeconomic challenge. Its pathophysiology is characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins, mainly β-amyloid(Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, which form senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the central nervous system (CNS). These alterations trigger synaptic and neuronal loss, vascular dysfunction and a chronic inflammatory response mediated by microglia and astrocytes. Although clinical manifestations usually appear at advanced ages, neuropathological evidence and neuroimaging studies confirm that the disease begins decades before the first symptoms. Because of its neuroectodermal origin and similarity to the brain, the retina shares cell types, resident glia and microvasculature with the CNS. Numerous studies have shown that patients with AD exhibit retinal thinning, microvascular alterations and functional changes. Thanks to its accessibility via non-invasive optical techniques, the retina is now regarded as a privileged window for in vivo investigation of neurodegenerative and vascular processes, as well as for the search for early biomarkers of the disease...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide and represents a major public health and socioeconomic challenge. Its pathophysiology is characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins, mainly β-amyloid(Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, which form senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the central nervous system (CNS). These alterations trigger synaptic and neuronal loss, vascular dysfunction and a chronic inflammatory response mediated by microglia and astrocytes. Although clinical manifestations usually appear at advanced ages, neuropathological evidence and neuroimaging studies confirm that the disease begins decades before the first symptoms. Because of its neuroectodermal origin and similarity to the brain, the retina shares cell types, resident glia and microvasculature with the CNS. Numerous studies have shown that patients with AD exhibit retinal thinning, microvascular alterations and functional changes. Thanks to its accessibility via non-invasive optical techniques, the retina is now regarded as a privileged window for in vivo investigation of neurodegenerative and vascular processes, as well as for the search for early biomarkers of the disease...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 17-12-2025













