La imposición del ideal de la belleza en la era digital: un análisis interseccional de los filtros de realidad aumentada en Instagram y TikTok
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2026
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19/03/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Desde que realizamos selfis con la cámara delantera de nuestro móvil han surgido aplicaciones que nos permiten modificar nuestros rostros para acercarnos al canon de belleza establecido. La imagen digital, a menudo modificada con dichos filtros en redes sociales, idealiza los cuerpos, transmite una imagen de belleza poco real y perpetúa el malestar con el propio cuerpo. Esta tesis doctoral busca estudiar cómo el uso de filtros que modifican la apariencia en redes sociales como Instagram y TikTok contribuye (o no) a la reproducción y refuerzo de los cánones estéticos hegemónicos de la masculinidad, feminidad, delgadez, juventud y blanquitud, evaluando su impacto en la percepción de la identidad y la autoestima de las usuarias de estas plataformas. Además, analiza las posibles formas de resistencia ciberactivista frente a las violencias estéticas en redes sociales. Se tiene presente una mirada interseccional con el fin de analizar cómo este fenómeno se articula dentro de un sistema socioestructural en el que se entrecruzan ejes como el género, las corporalidades, la clase social, la raza y la edad, condicionando y moldeando los efectos de los filtros...
Since we began taking selfies with the front camera of our phones, a range of applications have emerged that allow us to modify our faces in order to conform more closely to prevailing beauty standards. Digital images, often altered using such filters on social media, idealize bodies, conveys an unrealistic image of beauty and perpetuates dissatisfaction with one’s own appearance. This doctoral thesis aims to examine how the use of appearance-altering filters on social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok contributes (or not) to the reproduction and reinforcement of hegemonic aesthetic canons of masculinity, femininity, thinness, youth, and whiteness, evaluating the impact of these filters on identity perception, self-esteem, and the reproduction of gender stereotypes among female users of these platforms. Furthermore, it seeks to explore potential forms of cyberactivist resistance against aesthetic violence on social media. An intersectional perspective is adopted to analyze how this phenomenon operates within a socio-structural system where axes such as gender, corporeality, social class, race, and age intersect, shaping and conditioning the effects of filters...
Since we began taking selfies with the front camera of our phones, a range of applications have emerged that allow us to modify our faces in order to conform more closely to prevailing beauty standards. Digital images, often altered using such filters on social media, idealize bodies, conveys an unrealistic image of beauty and perpetuates dissatisfaction with one’s own appearance. This doctoral thesis aims to examine how the use of appearance-altering filters on social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok contributes (or not) to the reproduction and reinforcement of hegemonic aesthetic canons of masculinity, femininity, thinness, youth, and whiteness, evaluating the impact of these filters on identity perception, self-esteem, and the reproduction of gender stereotypes among female users of these platforms. Furthermore, it seeks to explore potential forms of cyberactivist resistance against aesthetic violence on social media. An intersectional perspective is adopted to analyze how this phenomenon operates within a socio-structural system where axes such as gender, corporeality, social class, race, and age intersect, shaping and conditioning the effects of filters...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 19/03/2026













