Publication: La mujer como invención: construcción de sí misma y creación objetiva
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2016-02-25
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La pregunta sobre qué es una mujer, qué es lo específico del ser mujer, convoca tanto a mujeres como a hombres en los últimos años. Para mí es un interrogante que me acompaña y me interpela desde niña por ciertas razones biográficas y familiares. En mi investigación he recurrido a múltiples autores y particularmente a los dos fundantes del psicoanálisis: Freud y Lacan. Además he contado con el bagaje de mi experiencia clínica durante las últimas décadas. Durante mucho tiempo, se respondió a esta incógnita diciendo que una mujer era “hija de” o “esposa de”, es decir, a través de sus relaciones de dependencia. Pero esas respuestas han dejado de ser válidas. En otros momentos históricos este debate tuvo una clara respuesta desde lo biológico diciendo que las mujeres eran las que tenían útero o matriz, o las que no tenían pene. Pero estas respuestas resultaron claramente insuficientes. Si tomamos como referencia el reino animal, todos sabemos que entre los animales hay machos y hembras y que viven y se acoplan conforme a determinaciones biológicas. Pero para los parlêtres, los seres que habitamos el mundo simbólico del lenguaje el sexo no está determinado por la biología. Por lo tanto, en el presente trabajo no buscaremos las respuestas en la biología sino en el lenguaje. El objetivo de la presente investigación es hacer una aportación al debate actual sobre la cuestión de la identidad femenina. En el siglo XIX surgieron dos movimientos para los que la pregunta sobre la mujer se convirtió en el eje central de sus investigaciones. Uno de ellos fueron los movimientos feministas, cuyas reivindicaciones eran eminentemente grupales y el otro el psicoanálisis. El psicoanálisis nació en pleno debate de los movimientos feministas pero a lo largo de su evolución se ha esforzado en aportar respuestas singulares y creativas. Y esas aportaciones son el objeto del presente estudio...
The question of what is a woman, what is specific to being a woman, has concerned both women and men in recent years. In my view, it is a question that has accompanied and challenged me since I was a child because of certain biographical and family reasons. In my research I have considered multiple authors and particularly the two fathers of psychoanalysis: Freud and Lacan. I have also had the support of my clinical experience over the past decades. For quite a long time, the answer to this question was that a woman is “the daughter of” or “the wife of”, that is, through her relations of dependence. But those answers are no longer valid. There was a time in history when this debate had a biological answer claiming that women were those who had a uterus or womb or those with no penis. But those answers proved to be clearly unsatisfactory. If we consider the animal kingdom, we all know that among animals there are males and females and they live and mate according to biological factors. But for us parlêtres, the beings who inhabit the symbolic world of language, sex is not biologically determined. Therefore, in this work we will not try to find the answers in biology, but in language. The aim of this research is to make a contribution to the current debate on the issue of female identity...
The question of what is a woman, what is specific to being a woman, has concerned both women and men in recent years. In my view, it is a question that has accompanied and challenged me since I was a child because of certain biographical and family reasons. In my research I have considered multiple authors and particularly the two fathers of psychoanalysis: Freud and Lacan. I have also had the support of my clinical experience over the past decades. For quite a long time, the answer to this question was that a woman is “the daughter of” or “the wife of”, that is, through her relations of dependence. But those answers are no longer valid. There was a time in history when this debate had a biological answer claiming that women were those who had a uterus or womb or those with no penis. But those answers proved to be clearly unsatisfactory. If we consider the animal kingdom, we all know that among animals there are males and females and they live and mate according to biological factors. But for us parlêtres, the beings who inhabit the symbolic world of language, sex is not biologically determined. Therefore, in this work we will not try to find the answers in biology, but in language. The aim of this research is to make a contribution to the current debate on the issue of female identity...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía, Departamento de Filosofía I, leída el 18-12-2015