Publication: Estudio de hábitos alimentarios y conocimientos nutricionales en embarazadas de distintas áreas de salud de la Comunidad de Madrid
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2016-08-10
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El embarazo o gestación se define como el período de desarrollo intrauterino, que abarca entre 38 y 42 semanas, y que comprende desde la concepción hasta el nacimiento. Desde el punto de vista nutricional, esta etapa constituye una de las más vulnerables en la vida de la mujer, ya que, además de tratarse de un periodo en el cual las necesidades de nutrientes son especialmente elevadas, pues la gestante no sólo debe cubrir sus propias necesidades, sino también las del feto en crecimiento y las derivadas de la síntesis de nuevos tejidos, cualquier error nutricional podría tener repercusiones más graves que en otras etapas de la vida y afectar, no sólo a la salud de la madre, sino también a la del descendiente, y no sólo durante el proceso gestacional, sino también en etapas posteriores de la vida. Por otro lado, si bien el embarazo, puede ser una etapa altamente motivadora para que la mujer modifique su comportamiento alimentario, constituyendo un momento óptimo para inculcar la importancia de una alimentación y un estilo de vida saludable, diversos trabajos han comprobado que, en muchas ocasiones, los conocimientos nutricionales de las gestantes no son los más acertados, hecho que unido a los antojos, o a los cambios en el apetito y el gusto, declarados de forma frecuente por las embarazadas, hace que la dieta no sea siempre adecuada, especialmente, en las gestantes con un menor nivel educacional. En base a todo ello, el objeto de la presente tesis doctoral ha sido conocer los hábitos alimentarios, el estilo de vida y los conocimientos en nutrición de un grupo de gestantes de la Comunidad de Madrid y, analizar las diferencias existentes en función de distintas variables como la edad, el IMC previo al embarazo, el nivel de estudios y el país de origen de la embarazada...
Pregnancy is defined as the period of intrauterine development, covering between 38 and 42 weeks, and comprising from conception until birth. From a nutritional point of view, this is one of the most vulnerable in the lives of women, since, besides being a period when nutrient requirements are particularly high, because the mother must not only meet their own needs, but also of the growing fetus and those derived from the synthesis of new tissues, any nutritional mistake could have more serious consequences than in other stages of life and affect not only the health of the mother but also to the offspring, and not only during the gestational process, but also in later stages. Furthermore, although pregnancy, it can be a highly motivating step for women change their eating behavior, constituting an optimal time to introduce the importance of diet and healthy lifestyle, several studies have found as sometimes the nutritional knowledge of pregnant women are not the most successful, a fact linked to cravings, or changes in appetite and taste, declared frequently by pregnant makes the diet is not always appropriate, especially, in pregnant women with a lower educational level. Based on the above, the aim of this study was to determine eating habits, lifestyle and nutrition knowledge in a group of pregnant women of the Community of Madrid and analyze the differences in terms of different variables such as age, BMI before pregnancy, the level of education and country of origin of the pregnant woman...
Pregnancy is defined as the period of intrauterine development, covering between 38 and 42 weeks, and comprising from conception until birth. From a nutritional point of view, this is one of the most vulnerable in the lives of women, since, besides being a period when nutrient requirements are particularly high, because the mother must not only meet their own needs, but also of the growing fetus and those derived from the synthesis of new tissues, any nutritional mistake could have more serious consequences than in other stages of life and affect not only the health of the mother but also to the offspring, and not only during the gestational process, but also in later stages. Furthermore, although pregnancy, it can be a highly motivating step for women change their eating behavior, constituting an optimal time to introduce the importance of diet and healthy lifestyle, several studies have found as sometimes the nutritional knowledge of pregnant women are not the most successful, a fact linked to cravings, or changes in appetite and taste, declared frequently by pregnant makes the diet is not always appropriate, especially, in pregnant women with a lower educational level. Based on the above, the aim of this study was to determine eating habits, lifestyle and nutrition knowledge in a group of pregnant women of the Community of Madrid and analyze the differences in terms of different variables such as age, BMI before pregnancy, the level of education and country of origin of the pregnant woman...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), leída el 13/01/2016