Publication: Eugenio de Ochoa (1815-1872). El hombre de letras en la España de Isabel II
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2016-11-15
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El nombre de Eugenio de Ochoa siempre aparece en los libros sobre la cultura española del siglo XIX, aunque pocas veces con un papel protagonista. Su lugar en la historia de la literatura se halla asociado a otros personajes o a empresas periodísticas de importancia que son recordadas por los nombres de esos otros: El Artista, Federico Madrazo, Pedro Madrazo, Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch, Victor Hugo, Balzac… Y así Ochoa es siempre el co-creador de una revista, el cuñado de, el amigo de, el traductor de, el editor de… Esta posición secundaria ha restado atractivo al estudio de un hombre que desempeñó un papel fundamental en la conexión de la cultura española con Europa, tanto por ser el vehículo por el que llegaron a España muchos autores contemporáneos como por llevar a cabo el recorrido contrario, mostrando al continente el patrimonio cultural nacional. Sin embargo, esa faceta de intermediario, y no la de literato, contemplada desde una perspectiva más centrada en el contexto y menos en el canon literario tradicional, ofrece unas posibilidades de análisis extremadamente interesantes. Además, la gran pluralidad de sus actividades le convirtió en su tiempo en un observador privilegiado de la realidad cultural y política del país. Ahí se halla el objetivo que ha guiado la realización de este trabajo. Por medio del estudio de su figura se ha pretendido llevar a cabo un análisis de la cultura española del siglo XIX, partiendo de un enfoque sociológico de la misma y prestando más atención a las prácticas en el campo literario que al contenido de la creación. Esa es la razón que explica que, metodológicamente, el trabajo se apoye en dos pilares, cada uno de los cuales sirve de soporte a las dos partes centrales del mismo: la reflexión acerca del “hombre de letras” en el reinado de Isabel II y el papel desempeñado por el mediador cultural en el proceso de transferencia de conocimientos e imágenes nacionales en la Europa del siglo XIX. Al comienzo de cada uno de estos bloques se realiza una reflexión más detallada sobre ambas líneas de análisis que, por supuesto, no son las únicas y no agotan el tema...
Following the construction of the Liberal State after Fernando VII's passing in 1833, the guidelines of a new cultural field still marked by certain trends from the eighteenth century but incorporating further elements connected with the liberal thought (such as freedom of speech or market) were set. This is the context in which the figure of the writer is redefined and his professionalization consolidated. The process which had started the previous century, reaches its summit with the definitive insertion of the author within the market and the acknowledgement of the copyright like the main capital of the man of letters. The road had been long and difficult but at the end of the century it gave way to the creation of the most important professional association of writers: the Spanish Society of Authors, antecedent of the current Spanish General Society of Authors. In addition, during this period the links between the Spanish culture and Europe were consolidated, which contributed to the Spanish writers witnessing the big novelties in science, philosophy, art and literature that were developing in the most important countries of the continent. Al the same time, these writers tried to counteract the folk image of Spain that foreign travellers had built through diverse initiatives designed to make the Spanish literary production be known beyond the national borders. This thesis is devoted to study the translator, critic and writer Eugenio de Ochoa in this changing context as he was a privileged witness of what was happening both in Spain and Europe...
Following the construction of the Liberal State after Fernando VII's passing in 1833, the guidelines of a new cultural field still marked by certain trends from the eighteenth century but incorporating further elements connected with the liberal thought (such as freedom of speech or market) were set. This is the context in which the figure of the writer is redefined and his professionalization consolidated. The process which had started the previous century, reaches its summit with the definitive insertion of the author within the market and the acknowledgement of the copyright like the main capital of the man of letters. The road had been long and difficult but at the end of the century it gave way to the creation of the most important professional association of writers: the Spanish Society of Authors, antecedent of the current Spanish General Society of Authors. In addition, during this period the links between the Spanish culture and Europe were consolidated, which contributed to the Spanish writers witnessing the big novelties in science, philosophy, art and literature that were developing in the most important countries of the continent. Al the same time, these writers tried to counteract the folk image of Spain that foreign travellers had built through diverse initiatives designed to make the Spanish literary production be known beyond the national borders. This thesis is devoted to study the translator, critic and writer Eugenio de Ochoa in this changing context as he was a privileged witness of what was happening both in Spain and Europe...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filología, leída el 15/10/2015