Publication: Discursos sobre inclusión social. Análisis de la política de salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile desde una perspectiva de género, (2000-2015)
Loading...
Files
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2017-06-15
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
Esta tesis indaga en la noción de inclusión social que propone la política de salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile (2000-2015) desde una perspectiva de género en articulación con otros ejes de exclusión. La salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile ha sido un ámbito bastante polémico. Si bien Chile fue el primer país latinoamericano en abordar la planificación familiar como asunto público (1967), actualmente es considerado uno de los países más conservadores de la región, entre otras cosas, por contar con una de las legislaciones más punitivas en materia de aborto (1989). Los lentos avances en este ámbito responden a una historia marcada por la dictadura militar (1973-1989), periodo en el que el Estado asume un rol subsidiario y promueve una política pro natalista. En este escenario, grupos de la sociedad civil –principalmente asociados al movimiento feminista y de mujeres– han exigido al Estado cumplir con los acuerdos internacionales, a partir de la formulación de políticas públicas acorde con los derechos humanos y la igualdad de género. Estas demandas, sin embargo, han sido desestimadas, lo que evidencia un déficit de integración social (Hurtado, Pérez y Dides, 2004). Ésta es la razón principal que justifica el interés de estudiar la propuesta de inclusión social de la política de salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile, con propósito de conocer los diferentes discursos sobre inclusión sostenidos por actores gubernamentales y de la sociedad civil. La pregunta principal de investigación es por lo tanto la siguiente: ¿Cuál es la noción de inclusión social que propone la política de salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile –en los ámbitos de la educación sexual y de la regulación de la fertilidad— durante el periodo 2000- 2015? Esta tesis aborda la dimensión ético-normativa de las políticas públicas, que habla del deber ser propuesto por éstas: qué asuntos atender, qué fines perseguir y cómo alcanzarlos, quiénes pueden dialogar/decidir sobre estos asuntos y para quiénes se piensan estas intervenciones. La normatividad planteada por las políticas públicas –sobre todo en el ámbito de la sexualidad— no es neutral, sino que está mediada por los discursos naturalizados sobre el género y otros ejes de exclusión (clase social, etnicidad y discapacidad, entre otros). De manera que las políticas de Estado pueden tanto vulnerar como apoyar el ejercicio de la autonomía sexual y reproductiva de las personas; profundizar o revertir las dinámicas de exclusión vigentes...
This PhD thesis explores the notion of social inclusion proposed by the Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy in Chile (2000-2015) from a gender approach articulated with other axes of exclusion. Sexual and reproductive health in Chile has been a controversial area. Although Chile was the first Latin American country to address family planning as a public issue (1967), it is currently considered one of the most conservative countries in the region. This is due, among other things, to the fact that it has one of the most punitive legislation on abortion in Latin America (1989). The slow advances in sexual and reproductive rights are related to a national history marked by a military dictatorship (1973-1989), in which the State played a subsidiary role and promoted a policy aimed at raising the birthrate. In this scenario, civil society groups –mainly linked to the feminist and women’s movement— have demanded the State to fulfill international agreements through policy making that respects human rights and gender equality. However, these claims have been disregarded, showing a shortfall of social integration (Hurtado, Pérez y Dides, 2004). This is the main reason for studying Chile’s proposal of social inclusion as reflected in the country’s sexual and reproductive health policies from 2000 onwards. The aim is to better understand the different discourses about inclusion supported both by governmental and non-governmental actors. Therefore, the main question of this research is the following: What it is the notion of social inclusion proposed by the sexual and reproductive health policy in Chile– in the areas of sex education and fertility regulation— between 2000 and 2015? This dissertation addresses the ethical-normative dimension of public policies, which refers to what such policies ought to propose: what issues to address, which purposes to pursue and how to achieve them, who can discuss/decide about these matters and to whom are interventions targeted. The normativity of public policies –especially concerning sexuality — is not neutral but mediated by naturalized discourses on gender, and other axes of exclusion (social class, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and ability, among others). Thereby, State policies can both undermine and support people’s sexual and reproductive autonomy, by deepening or reversing the current dynamics of exclusion...
This PhD thesis explores the notion of social inclusion proposed by the Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy in Chile (2000-2015) from a gender approach articulated with other axes of exclusion. Sexual and reproductive health in Chile has been a controversial area. Although Chile was the first Latin American country to address family planning as a public issue (1967), it is currently considered one of the most conservative countries in the region. This is due, among other things, to the fact that it has one of the most punitive legislation on abortion in Latin America (1989). The slow advances in sexual and reproductive rights are related to a national history marked by a military dictatorship (1973-1989), in which the State played a subsidiary role and promoted a policy aimed at raising the birthrate. In this scenario, civil society groups –mainly linked to the feminist and women’s movement— have demanded the State to fulfill international agreements through policy making that respects human rights and gender equality. However, these claims have been disregarded, showing a shortfall of social integration (Hurtado, Pérez y Dides, 2004). This is the main reason for studying Chile’s proposal of social inclusion as reflected in the country’s sexual and reproductive health policies from 2000 onwards. The aim is to better understand the different discourses about inclusion supported both by governmental and non-governmental actors. Therefore, the main question of this research is the following: What it is the notion of social inclusion proposed by the sexual and reproductive health policy in Chile– in the areas of sex education and fertility regulation— between 2000 and 2015? This dissertation addresses the ethical-normative dimension of public policies, which refers to what such policies ought to propose: what issues to address, which purposes to pursue and how to achieve them, who can discuss/decide about these matters and to whom are interventions targeted. The normativity of public policies –especially concerning sexuality — is not neutral but mediated by naturalized discourses on gender, and other axes of exclusion (social class, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and ability, among others). Thereby, State policies can both undermine and support people’s sexual and reproductive autonomy, by deepening or reversing the current dynamics of exclusion...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Ciencia Política y de la Administración II, leída el 24-06-2016