Publication: La dimensión territorial de la desigualdad social en Chile, desde la perspectiva de las políticas públicas para la superación de la pobreza
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2018-05-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
América Latina y El Caribe es la región más desigual del mundo, de lo que hay que hacerse cargo y direccionar los esfuerzos en materia de desarrollo para cambiar esta penosa realidad. Para Judt (2010), la desigualdad no es solo un problema técnico, expresa e incrementa una pérdida de la cohesión social; exacerba “la sensación de vivir en comunidades cerradas cuya principal función es mantener fuera a las demás personas (menos afortunadas que nosotros) y confirmar nuestras ventajas a nosotros mismos y nuestras familias: la patología de la época y la mayor amenaza para la salud de la democracia” (Judt, 2010:176). En ese sentido, el modelo de crecimiento económico y las políticas desarrolladas en la región, aun cuando registran mejoras significativas en sus indicadores socio económicos, no han sido igualmente contundentes en la disminución de brechas de inequidades; un fracaso que también ha debilitado las confianzas ciudadanas frente a las capacidades del Estado. Los análisis señalan que “mientras las dinámicas de crecimiento con reducción de pobreza están en el 32% de los municipios, donde vive el 24% de la población, las dinámicas de crecimiento con reducción de la desigualdad son mucho menos frecuentes (13% de los municipios donde vive el 10% de la población)” (Rimisp, 2011: 16)...
Latin America and the Caribbean is the most unequal region in the world. To change this sad reality, it has to be tackled with focused efforts towards development. According to Judt (2010), inequality is not only a technical problem, it is also an expression of the loss of social cohesion, which it increases; it exacerbates “the feeling of living in closed communities whose main function is to keep other people out (those who are less fortunate than us) and to confirm our advantages to ourselves and our families: this is the pathology of our time and the biggest threat to the health of democracy” (Judt, 2010:176). In this respect, although the model of economic growth and the policies developed in the region record significant improvements in socioeconomic indicators, they have not been equally succesful in the reduction of the inequality gap; this failure has also weakened citizenśconfidence regarding the capacities of the State. Analyses indicate that “while there are growth dynamics with poverty reduction in 32% of municipalities, where 24% of the population lives, the growth dynamics with ineqaulity reduction occur less frequently (13% of municipalities with 10% of the population)” (Rimisp, 2011: 16)...
Latin America and the Caribbean is the most unequal region in the world. To change this sad reality, it has to be tackled with focused efforts towards development. According to Judt (2010), inequality is not only a technical problem, it is also an expression of the loss of social cohesion, which it increases; it exacerbates “the feeling of living in closed communities whose main function is to keep other people out (those who are less fortunate than us) and to confirm our advantages to ourselves and our families: this is the pathology of our time and the biggest threat to the health of democracy” (Judt, 2010:176). In this respect, although the model of economic growth and the policies developed in the region record significant improvements in socioeconomic indicators, they have not been equally succesful in the reduction of the inequality gap; this failure has also weakened citizenśconfidence regarding the capacities of the State. Analyses indicate that “while there are growth dynamics with poverty reduction in 32% of municipalities, where 24% of the population lives, the growth dynamics with ineqaulity reduction occur less frequently (13% of municipalities with 10% of the population)” (Rimisp, 2011: 16)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 14-06-2017