Publication: La protección de las personas en casos de desastre. Hacia un marco universal y vinculante
Loading...
Files
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2018-05-31
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
Cada año, más de 200 millones de personas son afectadas por desastres naturales. Sin embargo, pese a la gran envergadura de muchos de estos desastres, el marco jurídico que regula las protección de las víctimas en estos casos continúa poco desarrollado. La escasa regulación existente puede explicarse en el hecho de que existe una extendida percepción tradicional que define a los desastres como fenómenos de la naturaleza que, por tanto, no pueden ser evitables. Sin embargo, como se explica a lo largo de este trabajo, el concepto de desastre ha evolucionado hacia la convicción de que son los actos humanos en múltiples ocasiones, ya sea en la fase de predicción, prevención, preparación y respuesta a fenómenos naturales, los que convierten a las amenazas naturales en desastres. Si bien existen referencias a desastres en instrumentos provenientes de varias ramas de Derecho Internacional, los vacíos jurídicos en cuanto a la protección de las víctimas son evidentes. El Derecho Humanitario regula muchos aspectos de la asistencia humanitaria, si bien solamente se aplica a situaciones dentro del marco de conflictos armados. El Derecho de los Derechos Humanos constituye la base fundamental de la protección de todo ser humano, ya que los derechos humanos no desaparecen cuando ocurre un desastre, sin embargo, no cubre muchas de las necesidades específicas que surgen en situaciones de desastre. Existen otras ramas del Derecho que podrían aplicarse por analogía o que contienen principios relevantes, como son el Derecho de los Refugiados y Desplazados o el Derecho Ambiental, entre otras que analizaremos a lo largo de este trabajo. No obstante, ninguna rama del Derecho Internacional abarca y regula de forma comprehensiva y específica todos los aspectos de la protección de las víctimas de desastres...
Every year, more than 200 million people are affected by natural disasters. However, despite the magnitude of many of these disasters, the legal framework that regulates the protection of victims in these cases remains relatively underdeveloped. Lack of enough regulation can be attributed to the traditional perception that conceived disasters as natural phenomena that can not be avoided. However, as discussed throughout this dissertation, the concept of disaster has evolved into the conviction that human actions, either in the phase of prediction, prevention, preparedness and response to natural phenomena, are the ones that make threats into disasters. While there are references to disasters in some legal international instruments, gaps are still evident. Whereas International Humanitarian Law regulates many aspects of the humanitarian assistance, it only applies to situations of armed conflict. Human Rights Law constitutes the basis for the protection of human beings, since human rights do not disappear when a disaster occurs, however, it does not cover the specific protection needs that arise in these situations.There are also other International Law rules that could be applied by analogy or that contain principles relevant to the protection of people in the event of disaster, such as Refugees- Migrants Law or Environmental Law, among others. These are analysed throughout this work. However, there is no any specific system of norms in International Law which covers all aspects of protection in this context. Therefore, Disaster Law has begun to emerge, some years ago, as an independent branch that attempts to systematize the interaction between disaster-related legal frameworks as well as progressively developing new instruments in this field...
Every year, more than 200 million people are affected by natural disasters. However, despite the magnitude of many of these disasters, the legal framework that regulates the protection of victims in these cases remains relatively underdeveloped. Lack of enough regulation can be attributed to the traditional perception that conceived disasters as natural phenomena that can not be avoided. However, as discussed throughout this dissertation, the concept of disaster has evolved into the conviction that human actions, either in the phase of prediction, prevention, preparedness and response to natural phenomena, are the ones that make threats into disasters. While there are references to disasters in some legal international instruments, gaps are still evident. Whereas International Humanitarian Law regulates many aspects of the humanitarian assistance, it only applies to situations of armed conflict. Human Rights Law constitutes the basis for the protection of human beings, since human rights do not disappear when a disaster occurs, however, it does not cover the specific protection needs that arise in these situations.There are also other International Law rules that could be applied by analogy or that contain principles relevant to the protection of people in the event of disaster, such as Refugees- Migrants Law or Environmental Law, among others. These are analysed throughout this work. However, there is no any specific system of norms in International Law which covers all aspects of protection in this context. Therefore, Disaster Law has begun to emerge, some years ago, as an independent branch that attempts to systematize the interaction between disaster-related legal frameworks as well as progressively developing new instruments in this field...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, leída el 10-05-2017