Publication: Formas sustitutivas de la ejecución de las condenas privativas de libertad
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2018-06-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El presente trabajo aborda las formas sustitutivas de la ejecución de las condenas privativas de libertad que el Código Penal de 1995 regula en el capítulo III del Libro I, bajo la rúbrica “De las formas sustitutivas de la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad y de la libertad condicional”. Este capítulo ha sufrido una importante reforma a raíz de la publicación y entrada en vigor, el pasado 1 de julio de 2015, de la LO 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, que afecta a todo su articulado. La nueva regulación del Código Penal reunifica en un solo instituto las diferentes suspensiones de la ejecución y sustitución de las penas. Esto implica la supresión de la tradicional sustitución de la pena de prisión regulada en el derogado art. 88 CP, que permitía la sustitución de las condenas de prisión de un año y excepcionalmente de dos, por multa o trabajos en beneficio de la comunidad, y la inclusión del contenido penológico de esas penas sustitutas como “prestaciones o medidas” susceptibles de imponerse, al margen de las reglas de conducta, en la suspensión de la ejecución de la pena. El régimen de la sustitución queda ahora reducido a la sustitución de las penas privativas de libertad impuestas a un ciudadano extranjero por la expulsión del territorio nacional. Finalmente, la libertad condicional pasa a ser una modalidad de suspensión de la ejecución del resto de la pena que resta por cumplir. La nueva regulación de las formas sustitutivas de la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad es mucho más exhaustiva, instaurando un sistema unitario de suspensión de la ejecución de la pena, con diversas alternativas, entre las que se incluye la anterior sustitución de penas de prisión (del derogado art. 88 CP), que pasa a ser una modalidad de la suspensión. Con ello se otorga mayor rapidez a las ejecuciones, evitando los sucesivos trámites de suspensión, sustitución o algunas de las suspensiones especiales que se contemplan el Código y que solían darse en la práctica de forma sucesiva. Se trata, a nuestro juicio, de uno de los mayores aciertos de la reforma...
This piece of study explores the alternative enforcement measures to imprisonment regulated by the Spanish Criminal Code (SCC) 1995, chapter III, book I, under the heading “On substitute forms of execution of sentences involving deprivation of liberty and on probation”. Provisions in chapter III have been profoundly modified by the adoption of the Spanish Organic Law (SOL) 1/2015, of 30 March, which entered into force on the 1st of July, 2015. Updates on the Spanish Criminal Code have unified in a single rule the various forms of suspension of sentences and sentence substitution. This entails not only the abolition of the traditional regulation of sentence substitution provided by abrogated article 88 SCC, which stipulated the substitution of prison sentences not exceeding one year –or exceptionally two– with fines or community services, but also the introduction of the criminal recognition of such substitute punishment as “provisions or measures” which may be imposed, in addition to other mandatory obligations, on the suspension of the sentence enforcement. The regulation of substitution has been limited to cases where imprisonment is ordered against an alien, which may be substituted by deportation. In turn, probation has now become a form of suspension of the remaining penalty to be enforced. The new regulation of the alternative forms to the execution of sentences involving deprivation of liberty is thoroughly extensive, since it provides a unitary system for the suspension of sentence enforcement with several variants, under which the former substitution of imprisonment sentences (provided by abrogated article 88 SCC) becomes a form of suspension. A faster completion of sentences is achieved by avoiding subsequent proceedings of suspension, substitution or any extraordinary suspension provided by the SCC which used to drag on in practice. This is, in our view, one of the wisest moves of the reform...
This piece of study explores the alternative enforcement measures to imprisonment regulated by the Spanish Criminal Code (SCC) 1995, chapter III, book I, under the heading “On substitute forms of execution of sentences involving deprivation of liberty and on probation”. Provisions in chapter III have been profoundly modified by the adoption of the Spanish Organic Law (SOL) 1/2015, of 30 March, which entered into force on the 1st of July, 2015. Updates on the Spanish Criminal Code have unified in a single rule the various forms of suspension of sentences and sentence substitution. This entails not only the abolition of the traditional regulation of sentence substitution provided by abrogated article 88 SCC, which stipulated the substitution of prison sentences not exceeding one year –or exceptionally two– with fines or community services, but also the introduction of the criminal recognition of such substitute punishment as “provisions or measures” which may be imposed, in addition to other mandatory obligations, on the suspension of the sentence enforcement. The regulation of substitution has been limited to cases where imprisonment is ordered against an alien, which may be substituted by deportation. In turn, probation has now become a form of suspension of the remaining penalty to be enforced. The new regulation of the alternative forms to the execution of sentences involving deprivation of liberty is thoroughly extensive, since it provides a unitary system for the suspension of sentence enforcement with several variants, under which the former substitution of imprisonment sentences (provided by abrogated article 88 SCC) becomes a form of suspension. A faster completion of sentences is achieved by avoiding subsequent proceedings of suspension, substitution or any extraordinary suspension provided by the SCC which used to drag on in practice. This is, in our view, one of the wisest moves of the reform...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Procesal, leída el 29/05/2017