Publication: La apelación reconvencional civil y la apelación adhesiva penal
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2018-06-20
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Centramos nuestro estudio en la segunda instancia, fase procesal cuya finalidad es permitir el nuevo examen de una cuestión litigiosa sobre la que ha recaído sentencia definitiva. Esta segunda instancia, tanto en la jurisdicción civil como en la penal, se abre a petición de parte, y de ordinario mediante la interposición del recurso de apelación (nos centramos sólo en el recurso de apelación que abre la segunda instancia, no en el que se interpone frente a resoluciones interlocutorias). Interpuesto el recurso de apelación, el apelado puede adoptar distintas posturas: guardar silencio, oponerse al recurso de apelación, e impugnar a su vez la sentencia en lo que le resulta desfavorable. Los estudios, monografías, obras generales, y textos que de forma más o menos directa estudian, tratan, analizan y desarrollan el recurso de apelación son múltiples, como puede observarse en la bibliografía. Estudian el recurso de apelación desde sus antecedentes remotos a los más próximos; cuestionando, matizando y ampliando el concepto de recurso de apelación, distinguiéndolo de «medio de impugnación»; analizando su fundamento, la naturaleza jurídica, las distintas fases, y su tramitación. Sin embargo, no son tantos los autores que han estudiado de forma específica la concreta fase del recurso de apelación en la que nos queremos adentrar, de antiguo conocida y denominada, incluso con algún resquicio en nuestras vigentes Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil (LEC) y Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal (LECrim.), «adhesión a la apelación», «apelación adhesiva», «apelación supeditada» o «adhesión incidental» (como se denomina en el derecho procesal italiano). Dividimos nuestro estudio en dos partes dedicadas a este concreto trámite, diferenciando entre la jurisdicción civil (Parte I), y la jurisdicción penal (Parte II)...
Our study is focused on the second instance, the purpose of which is the reexamination of legal disputes that may arise following a final ruling in a trial court. The second instance, both in civil and criminal jurisdiction, is opened upon request and through the filing of an appeal. In the case of this study, our focus is solely on appeals filed through the appeals court (not those originating from an interlocutory order). Once an appeal has been filed, the appellee can opt to remain silent, object to the appeal, and in turn, question the unfavourable sentence. As can be seen in the bibliography, numerous texts, studies, monographs and general works have already addressed, developed and analysed the appellate procedure. Such works examine the evolution of the appellate procedure, questioning, analysing and amplifying the concept of the appeal. They also aim to distinguish the filing of an appeal from the act of challenging a sentence, analysing the foundations, legal nature, various phases and general proceedings of the appeals court. However, only a small number of authors centre their studies on the specific phase of the appellate procedure into which this study delves: the phase traditionally known, although perhaps with some loopholes in the existing Code of Civil Procedure (LEC) and Code of Criminal Procedure (LECrim.), as the "adhesive appeal", "subordinated appeal" and "adherence to an appeal", or "incidental appeal" in Italian procedural law. Although our study is dedicated specifically to the aforementioned phase of the appellate procedure, we have divided it into two parts, differentiating between civil jurisdiction (Part I) and criminal jurisdiction (Part II)...
Our study is focused on the second instance, the purpose of which is the reexamination of legal disputes that may arise following a final ruling in a trial court. The second instance, both in civil and criminal jurisdiction, is opened upon request and through the filing of an appeal. In the case of this study, our focus is solely on appeals filed through the appeals court (not those originating from an interlocutory order). Once an appeal has been filed, the appellee can opt to remain silent, object to the appeal, and in turn, question the unfavourable sentence. As can be seen in the bibliography, numerous texts, studies, monographs and general works have already addressed, developed and analysed the appellate procedure. Such works examine the evolution of the appellate procedure, questioning, analysing and amplifying the concept of the appeal. They also aim to distinguish the filing of an appeal from the act of challenging a sentence, analysing the foundations, legal nature, various phases and general proceedings of the appeals court. However, only a small number of authors centre their studies on the specific phase of the appellate procedure into which this study delves: the phase traditionally known, although perhaps with some loopholes in the existing Code of Civil Procedure (LEC) and Code of Criminal Procedure (LECrim.), as the "adhesive appeal", "subordinated appeal" and "adherence to an appeal", or "incidental appeal" in Italian procedural law. Although our study is dedicated specifically to the aforementioned phase of the appellate procedure, we have divided it into two parts, differentiating between civil jurisdiction (Part I) and criminal jurisdiction (Part II)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Procesal, leída el 26/05/2017