Publication: Predisposición genética a la obesidad y conductas de prevención en edad temprana. Análisis comparativo en escolares españoles y mexicanos
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2018-09-21
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La actual epidemia de obesidad constituye un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial siendo especialmente preocupante su ascenso en la población en edad escolar que afecta al 14,2% de los niños y niñas entre los 5 y 17 años. Tanto en España como en México, estás cifras son superiores alcanzando prevalencias entre el 24 y 29%. Esta patología tiene un origen multifactorial estando determinada por tres causas principales: la herencia poligénica, los factores epigenéticos perinatales y las influencias ambientales. Entre este último grupo se encuentran todos los comportamientos que conducen al desequilibrio calórico al ingerir más energía de la que se gasta, de manera que ese exceso energético se acumula en forma de grasa.El objetivo de la presente investigación, es analizar la posible influencia de las conductas alimentarias, de actividad física, sedentarismo y sueño, en la relación existente entre la predisposición genética a la obesidad y el estado nutricional de tres muestras de escolares: españoles de Madrid, mestizos mexicanos de los estados de Sonora y Chihuahua y una muestra de indígenas mexicanos de la etnia Tarahumara. Ésta última, se ha dividido en dos submuestras, una rural tomada en los asentamientos tradicionales y otra urbana tomada en la ciudad de Chihuahua...
The current epidemic of obesity is a global public health problem, and its rise in the school-age population, which affects 14.2% of children between the ages of 5 and 17, is especially worrying. In both Spain and Mexico, these figures are higher reaching prevalence between 24 and 29%. This pathology has a multifactorial origin and is determined by three main factors: polygenic inheritance, epigenetic or perinatal factors and environmental influences. Among the latter group are all the behaviors that lead to caloric imbalance by ingesting more energy than is expended, so that that energy excess accumulates as fat.The objective of the present research is to analyze the possible influence of dietary behaviors, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and sleep habits on the relationship between the genetic predisposition to obesity and the nutritional status of three school children samples: Spaniards from Madrid, Mexican mestizos from the states of Sonora and Chihuahua and a sample of Mexican indigenous people of the Tarahumara ethnic group. The latter has been divided into two subsamples, a rural one taken in traditional settlements and another one taken in the city of Chihuahua...
The current epidemic of obesity is a global public health problem, and its rise in the school-age population, which affects 14.2% of children between the ages of 5 and 17, is especially worrying. In both Spain and Mexico, these figures are higher reaching prevalence between 24 and 29%. This pathology has a multifactorial origin and is determined by three main factors: polygenic inheritance, epigenetic or perinatal factors and environmental influences. Among the latter group are all the behaviors that lead to caloric imbalance by ingesting more energy than is expended, so that that energy excess accumulates as fat.The objective of the present research is to analyze the possible influence of dietary behaviors, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and sleep habits on the relationship between the genetic predisposition to obesity and the nutritional status of three school children samples: Spaniards from Madrid, Mexican mestizos from the states of Sonora and Chihuahua and a sample of Mexican indigenous people of the Tarahumara ethnic group. The latter has been divided into two subsamples, a rural one taken in traditional settlements and another one taken in the city of Chihuahua...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, leída el 22-09-2017