Publication: El papel de las coaliciones promotoras en la evolución de las políticas de reporudcción humana asistida e investigación biomédica en España (1985-2010)
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2018-10-10
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En este trabajo se estudia la función de las coaliciones promotoras en las políticas de reproducción humana asistida e investigación biomédica en España, durante el periodo de 1985 hasta el 2010. Desde el nacimiento del primer niño gracias a un FIV (fertilización in vitro) en España, las políticas sanitarias en especial las biotecnológicas han sufrido cambios.En este caso el marco teórico sobre el que se ha trabajado es el de las coaliciones promotoras, iniciada por Sabatier y Jenkins – Smith, y posteriormente por Éric Montpetit, Christine Rothmayr y Frédéric Varone, tendremos en cuenta que son políticas consideradas morales y se han aplicado al periodo y país. Para el estudio se ha hecho un profundo análisis de la legislación, los debates parlamentarios, prensa, informes y artículos de los principales actores que pertenecieron a las distintas coaliciones; finalmente 25 entrevistas con políticos, investigadores (bioética y biólogos), altos funcionarios, médicos, al igual que miembros de la Iglesia Católica que participaron en estas políticas durante el periodo de estudio.Como resultado de este proceso de estudio se llegaron a determinadas hipótesis que añaden a dichas teorías y matizan el marco teórico. Una de las peculiaridades frente a otros países, el deseo de los profesionales médicos españoles de una legislación aprobada rápidamente que proporcionara seguridad jurídica. La implicación de los investigadores y las organizaciones de pacientes en el proceso de toma de decisiones acompañando mientras los debates sobre reproducción se desplazaban hacia la investigación (investigación con células madre y clonación). La deconstrucción de la Iglesia Católica y su influencia, no ya como un mero observador sino como un jugador principal, y de sus distintas tendencias, especialmente los Jesuitas, como negociadores (brokers) entre los escépticos de la investigación y los emprendedores.
In this work we study the role of the Advocacy coalitions in Human Reproduction Technology and Research Policies in Spain for the period from 1985 to 2010. As from the birth of the first baby born due to an IVF in Spain the health policies, in particular biotechnology policies were subject to change.In this case work the theoretical framework used is the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Sabatier and Jenkins - Smith, together with those elaborated by Éric Montpetit, Christine Rothmayr y Frédéric Varone, considering them as moral policies, they have been applied to the so- said period of time, country and policies. For the study of the policies there has been a throughout analysis of legislative documentation, as well as debate in the Parliament, press, reading of reports and articles from the main actors belonging to the most active advocacy coalitions, and finally 25 personal interviews with politicians, researchers (bioethics and biologists), high level civil servants, physicians as well as members of the Catholic Church that have been involved during the period in the policy.As a result of this process, some hypothesis were drafted and resolved that add up to the aforementioned theories, and nuance them for the case and the framework. The difference in the desire of the Spanish physicians of an early legislation that would provide them with sure ground to work as opposed the situation in other countries. The involvement of researchers and patient organizations in the policy making process as reproduction debates turned into research (human stem cell research and cloning). The deconstruction of the Catholic Church, its influence not just as a mere observer but as a main player, the role of some of its groups, specially the Jesuits, a policy brokers between research sceptical positions and research entrepreneurs.
In this work we study the role of the Advocacy coalitions in Human Reproduction Technology and Research Policies in Spain for the period from 1985 to 2010. As from the birth of the first baby born due to an IVF in Spain the health policies, in particular biotechnology policies were subject to change.In this case work the theoretical framework used is the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Sabatier and Jenkins - Smith, together with those elaborated by Éric Montpetit, Christine Rothmayr y Frédéric Varone, considering them as moral policies, they have been applied to the so- said period of time, country and policies. For the study of the policies there has been a throughout analysis of legislative documentation, as well as debate in the Parliament, press, reading of reports and articles from the main actors belonging to the most active advocacy coalitions, and finally 25 personal interviews with politicians, researchers (bioethics and biologists), high level civil servants, physicians as well as members of the Catholic Church that have been involved during the period in the policy.As a result of this process, some hypothesis were drafted and resolved that add up to the aforementioned theories, and nuance them for the case and the framework. The difference in the desire of the Spanish physicians of an early legislation that would provide them with sure ground to work as opposed the situation in other countries. The involvement of researchers and patient organizations in the policy making process as reproduction debates turned into research (human stem cell research and cloning). The deconstruction of the Catholic Church, its influence not just as a mere observer but as a main player, the role of some of its groups, specially the Jesuits, a policy brokers between research sceptical positions and research entrepreneurs.
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 15-12-2017