Publication: Desarrollo de ensayos "in vitro" para la identificación de nuevas moléculas con actividad antimalárica y bloqueantes de la transmisión de la enfermedad
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2018-11-05
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La malaria aún constituye un grave problema de salud a nivel global, afectando amás de 200 millones de personas y provocando más de 400.000 muertes cada año.Esta enfermedad tiene la mayor tasa de mortalidad en niños menores de 5 años ymujeres embarazadas del África subsahariana, donde se concentra la mayorincidencia de casos producidos por la especie Plasmodium falciparum. Durante laúltima década se han desarrollado e implementado diversas estrategias tanto a nivelde control del vector (la hembra del mosquito Anopheles) como de quimioterapiapara el hospedador humano. Una de estas estrategias se ha centrado en eldescubrimiento y desarrollo de nuevos medicamentos que permitan una interrupciónde la transmisión del parásito desde el hospedador al mosquito. Para ello, se requierela eliminación de los estadios transmisibles de Plasmodium, los gametocitos enestadio V, frente a los cuales solo existe actualmente un antimalárico comercial, laprimaquina, cuya administración está contraindicada en una parte de la poblacióndonde la malaria es endémica...
Malaria still remains a major global health problem, affecting more than 200 millionpeople and causing over 400,000 deaths annually. This disease shows the highestmortality rate in children below 5 years old and pregnant women from Sub-SaharanAfrica, where the highest burden of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is found. Duringthe last decade several strategies have been deployed and implemented, both forvector control (female Anopheles mosquitoes) and chemotherapy for the human host.One of these strategies has focused on the discovery and development of new drugsthat may cause a blockade of parasite transmission from human host to mosquito. Toachieve this, elimination of Plasmodium transmissible stages – stage V gametocytesisrequired since there is only one approved drug with activity against these stages,primaquine, which administration is limited to a part of the population where malariais endemic...
Malaria still remains a major global health problem, affecting more than 200 millionpeople and causing over 400,000 deaths annually. This disease shows the highestmortality rate in children below 5 years old and pregnant women from Sub-SaharanAfrica, where the highest burden of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is found. Duringthe last decade several strategies have been deployed and implemented, both forvector control (female Anopheles mosquitoes) and chemotherapy for the human host.One of these strategies has focused on the discovery and development of new drugsthat may cause a blockade of parasite transmission from human host to mosquito. Toachieve this, elimination of Plasmodium transmissible stages – stage V gametocytesisrequired since there is only one approved drug with activity against these stages,primaquine, which administration is limited to a part of the population where malariais endemic...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, leída el 09-04-2018