Publication: Análisis epidemiológico y molecular de los principales patógenos en "Apis mellifera" y su importancia en el desencadenamiento del colapso de las colmenas
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2020-04-01
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, se ha podido observar una disminución constante y progresiva en el número de abejas. Estos insectos cumplen múltiples y valiosas funciones, entre las que destaca su labor como polinizadores o el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad de todo el planeta. Además de las repercusiones negativas sobre el sector apícola, las consecuencias de estas pérdidas tienen un alcance mundial, en tanto que la conservación de los polinizadores constituye un factor clave para la agricultura, la producción alimentaria, la sostenibilidad medio ambiental y los ecosistemas.Existen numerosos factores involucrados en estas pérdidas, entre los que destacan los contaminantes ambientales, los patógenos, los agentes fitosanitarios, las especies invasoras o el cambio climático. Aunque la importancia relativa de cada uno de estos factores continúa siendo una incógnita, en los últimos años se ha demostrado que los patógenos, así como las condiciones medio ambientales y el sistema inmunitario de las abejas, son elementos determinantes para las colmenas. Dentro de los patógenos implicados en estas pérdidas, destacan el ácaro Varroa destructor y el virus de las alas deformadas (DWV)...
The number of honey bees has been in constant and progressive decline since the second half of the twentieth century. These insects play a key role as pollinators and in the maintenance of global biodiversity. Colony losses include two kind of phenomena. The first one is “Colony collapse disorder” (CCD), which consists of a rapid decrease in bee population, but honey/breeding/pollen stores remain adequate and bees do not show disease symptoms. The second one is winter mortality after wintering. In addition to the impact on the beekeeping sector, colony losses also affect food production, environmental sustainability and ecosystems.There are many factors involved in CCD and winter losses, such as environmental pollutants, the global expansion of pathogens, phytosanitary agents, invasive species, inadequate management, and climate, among others. Although the relative importance of each of these factors remains unknown, there is an agreement on the importance of pathogens, environmental conditions and bee´s immune system. Among pathogens, the Varroa destructor mite and the deformed wing virus (DWV) seem to play a key role in triggering colony losses...
The number of honey bees has been in constant and progressive decline since the second half of the twentieth century. These insects play a key role as pollinators and in the maintenance of global biodiversity. Colony losses include two kind of phenomena. The first one is “Colony collapse disorder” (CCD), which consists of a rapid decrease in bee population, but honey/breeding/pollen stores remain adequate and bees do not show disease symptoms. The second one is winter mortality after wintering. In addition to the impact on the beekeeping sector, colony losses also affect food production, environmental sustainability and ecosystems.There are many factors involved in CCD and winter losses, such as environmental pollutants, the global expansion of pathogens, phytosanitary agents, invasive species, inadequate management, and climate, among others. Although the relative importance of each of these factors remains unknown, there is an agreement on the importance of pathogens, environmental conditions and bee´s immune system. Among pathogens, the Varroa destructor mite and the deformed wing virus (DWV) seem to play a key role in triggering colony losses...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, leída el 29-11-2019