Publication: El desborde de la ciudad liberal: cultura política y conflictos en los suburbios de Madrid (1880-1930)
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2021-04-21
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Desde finales del siglo XIX y a lo largo del primer tercio del XX en los suburbios de Madrid cobró vida una cultura política fronteriza, callejera, autónoma y contestataria que desafiaba las normas de funcionamiento de la esfera pública liberal. Los vecinos de las barriadas de extrarradio, o al menos una parte significativa de ellos, imaginaban el mundo y las relaciones sociales de manera similar, como si se orientaran en el espacio público siguiendo una misma brújula o como si observaran cuanto los rodeaba con unas lentes teñidas del mismo color. Compartían experiencias, lenguajes, temores, esperanzas, resentimientos o explicaciones sobre el orden social, los derechos o el devenir de los acontecimientos públicos. Su cultura se asentaba sobre una serie de pilares fácilmente reconocibles. Algunos, como la solidaridad, la horizontalidad, la autogestión o la inclinación por la vida callejera, eran consustanciales a la propia sociabilidad vecinal en las afueras de la gran ciudad. Otros, como la defensa de la acción directa, la desconfianza hacia algunas de las principales instituciones de la sociedad liberal (el régimen parlamentario, el sistema judicial, la religión, la planificación urbanística, la propiedad privada, la policía) o la irreverencia ante los líderes del movimiento obrero, remitían a la conflictiva relación que los habitantes del extrarradio habían establecido con las elites de la ciudad...
At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century in the suburbs of Madrid appeared a new radical, combative, autonomous, and street-based political culture. This political culture wanted to organize the society under new basis and defied the rules and styles of the liberal public sphere. Most of the neighbours of the suburbs imagined the world and the social relations in the same way, as if they oriented themselves through public space with the same compass, or as if they looked at everything that surrounded them with the same lens. The ordinary people from the suburbs shared experiences, languages, hopes, resentments, and explanations about the social order, the community life, or their political rights. The principal foundations of their political culture were easy to recognise. Some of them, such as solidarity, egalitarianism, self-organisation of street life, were part of everyday sociability in the outskirts of the big city. Other, such as direct action, popular mistrust towards the main institutions of liberal society (parliamentarism, judicial system, religion, urban planning, private property, police) or popular irreverence towards the leaders of the labour movement, were a consequence of the ambivalence relation that the inhabitants of the suburbs established with the different urban elites...
At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century in the suburbs of Madrid appeared a new radical, combative, autonomous, and street-based political culture. This political culture wanted to organize the society under new basis and defied the rules and styles of the liberal public sphere. Most of the neighbours of the suburbs imagined the world and the social relations in the same way, as if they oriented themselves through public space with the same compass, or as if they looked at everything that surrounded them with the same lens. The ordinary people from the suburbs shared experiences, languages, hopes, resentments, and explanations about the social order, the community life, or their political rights. The principal foundations of their political culture were easy to recognise. Some of them, such as solidarity, egalitarianism, self-organisation of street life, were part of everyday sociability in the outskirts of the big city. Other, such as direct action, popular mistrust towards the main institutions of liberal society (parliamentarism, judicial system, religion, urban planning, private property, police) or popular irreverence towards the leaders of the labour movement, were a consequence of the ambivalence relation that the inhabitants of the suburbs established with the different urban elites...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia Moderna e Historia Contemporánea, leída el 17-12-2020