Publication: Caracterización de las variaciones rápidas de la intensidad arqueomagnética en el Mediterráneo durante los últimos 4000 años
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2022-03-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Uno de los principales retos de las Ciencias de la Tierra es comprender el origen y el comportamiento del campo magnético terrestre. Este fenómeno es variable en el tiempo y en el espacio y, recientemente, se ha puesto de manifiesto que el momento magnético dipolar está decayendo en torno a un 3.2% por siglo desde 1600 d. C., e incrementándose hasta un 5.8% durante los últimos 80 años, alcanzando el valor más bajo de los últimos tres milenios. Como el campo magnético terrestre actúa como un escudo protector frente a las partículas cargadas de alta energía procedentes del Sol, el debilitamiento del campo se traduce en una mayor entrada de dichas partículas a la atmósfera lo que puede acarrear una menor protección frente a eventos extremos del Clima Espacial como, por ejemplo, las tormentas solares. Estos acontecimientos revelan la importancia de investigar el rango de variación del campo magnético terrestre en escalas de tiempo relativamente cortas, desde décadas a varios siglos. Para intentar dilucidar cómo se comportará el campo geomagnético en un futuro es necesario comprender cómo ha evolucionado este fenómeno en el pasado, lo que además aporta información crucial para comprender la evolución del interior de la Tierra y, en concreto, sobre la dinámica de su núcleo externo, donde tiene su origen principal este importante fenómeno...
One of the main challenges in Earth Sciences is to understand the origin and behaviour of the Earth’s magnetic field (or geomagnetic field) which presents wide variations in both time and space. Direct geomagnetic measurements indicate that the geomagnetic dipolar moment has slightly decayed by about 3.2% per century since 1600 CE. During the last 80 years this rate of change has accelerated up to values of 5.8% per century. Due to this rapid decrease, the present value of the geomagnetic dipole moment is the lowest observed through the last three millennia. On the other hand, the geomagnetic field acts as a protective shield against high-energy solar particles, and thus the decreasing of the field translates into the higher entry of these particles into the atmosphere, which can lead to less protection against extreme Space Weather events, such as solar storms. These events reveal the importance of investigating the range of variation of the geomagnetic field on relatively short time scales, from decades to centuries. In this context, to better understand the present and future variations of the Earth’s magnetic field, it is essential to know how the geomagnetic field has changed in the past time. In addition, this also provides crucial information to understand the evolution of the Earth’s interior and, specifically, about the dynamics of its outer core, where this important phenomenon has its main origin.
One of the main challenges in Earth Sciences is to understand the origin and behaviour of the Earth’s magnetic field (or geomagnetic field) which presents wide variations in both time and space. Direct geomagnetic measurements indicate that the geomagnetic dipolar moment has slightly decayed by about 3.2% per century since 1600 CE. During the last 80 years this rate of change has accelerated up to values of 5.8% per century. Due to this rapid decrease, the present value of the geomagnetic dipole moment is the lowest observed through the last three millennia. On the other hand, the geomagnetic field acts as a protective shield against high-energy solar particles, and thus the decreasing of the field translates into the higher entry of these particles into the atmosphere, which can lead to less protection against extreme Space Weather events, such as solar storms. These events reveal the importance of investigating the range of variation of the geomagnetic field on relatively short time scales, from decades to centuries. In this context, to better understand the present and future variations of the Earth’s magnetic field, it is essential to know how the geomagnetic field has changed in the past time. In addition, this also provides crucial information to understand the evolution of the Earth’s interior and, specifically, about the dynamics of its outer core, where this important phenomenon has its main origin.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, leída el 20-12-2021