Publication: Nuevas herramientas para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico y la resistencia a insulina asociada a obesidad
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2022-08-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Entre las principales complicaciones asociadas a la obesidad destacan la resistencia a insulina y la alteración del metabolismo glucídico y lipídico. Esta situación puede llevar consigo el desarrollo de comorbilidades como, por ejemplo, la enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) o la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), que presentan características comunes. La EHGNA es la patología hepática más frecuente en los países de Occidente, cuya prevalencia se encuentra en continuo crecimiento. Esta manifestación se define principalmente por la presencia de esteatosis en más del 5% de los hepatocitos y su progresión puede causar esteatohepatitis no alcohólica (EHNA). Aunque hay factores implicados en la progresión de esteatosis a EHNA que están bien caracterizados, como lipotoxicidad, estrés oxidativo y activación del sistema inmune, muchos otros todavía no se conocen. Debido a la falta de tratamiento de esta enfermedad, es necesario profundizar en el conocimiento de nuevos mediadores, como los microRNAs (miRNAs),y abordajes terapéuticos, como la terapia génica, para impedir el desarrollo y la progresión de la EHGNA...
Insulin resistance and altered glucose and lipid metabolism stand out among the main obesity-associated complications. This condition can lead to the development of comorbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which have common features. NAFLD is the most common liver pathology in Western countries, whose prevalence is continuously growing. This manifestation is mainly defined by the presence of steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes and its progression can cause non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Although there are well-characterized factors involved in the progression of steatosis to NASH, such as lipotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune system activation, many others are still unknown. Due to the lack of treatment for this disease, it is necessary to deepen the knowledge of new mediators, including microRNAs (miRNAs), and therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, to prevent the development and progression of NAFLD...
Insulin resistance and altered glucose and lipid metabolism stand out among the main obesity-associated complications. This condition can lead to the development of comorbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which have common features. NAFLD is the most common liver pathology in Western countries, whose prevalence is continuously growing. This manifestation is mainly defined by the presence of steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes and its progression can cause non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Although there are well-characterized factors involved in the progression of steatosis to NASH, such as lipotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune system activation, many others are still unknown. Due to the lack of treatment for this disease, it is necessary to deepen the knowledge of new mediators, including microRNAs (miRNAs), and therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, to prevent the development and progression of NAFLD...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 25-05-2022